Normed linear space












1












$begingroup$


In Walter Rudin's Complex Analysis, it states that by definition$$|Lambda|=text{sup}{|Lambda x|: xin X, |x|leq1}$$
and then later he shows that
$|Lambda x|leq |Lambda||x|.$
But, the only thing I know is $|Lambda|geq|Lambda x|$.



How to show that indeed $|Lambda x|leq |Lambda||x|.$










share|cite|improve this question











$endgroup$

















    1












    $begingroup$


    In Walter Rudin's Complex Analysis, it states that by definition$$|Lambda|=text{sup}{|Lambda x|: xin X, |x|leq1}$$
    and then later he shows that
    $|Lambda x|leq |Lambda||x|.$
    But, the only thing I know is $|Lambda|geq|Lambda x|$.



    How to show that indeed $|Lambda x|leq |Lambda||x|.$










    share|cite|improve this question











    $endgroup$















      1












      1








      1





      $begingroup$


      In Walter Rudin's Complex Analysis, it states that by definition$$|Lambda|=text{sup}{|Lambda x|: xin X, |x|leq1}$$
      and then later he shows that
      $|Lambda x|leq |Lambda||x|.$
      But, the only thing I know is $|Lambda|geq|Lambda x|$.



      How to show that indeed $|Lambda x|leq |Lambda||x|.$










      share|cite|improve this question











      $endgroup$




      In Walter Rudin's Complex Analysis, it states that by definition$$|Lambda|=text{sup}{|Lambda x|: xin X, |x|leq1}$$
      and then later he shows that
      $|Lambda x|leq |Lambda||x|.$
      But, the only thing I know is $|Lambda|geq|Lambda x|$.



      How to show that indeed $|Lambda x|leq |Lambda||x|.$







      real-analysis inequality normed-spaces






      share|cite|improve this question















      share|cite|improve this question













      share|cite|improve this question




      share|cite|improve this question








      edited Dec 9 '18 at 22:25









      José Carlos Santos

      162k22129233




      162k22129233










      asked Dec 9 '18 at 22:04









      beginnerbeginner

      227




      227






















          2 Answers
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          1












          $begingroup$

          If $x=0$, that inequality is trivial.



          In the other cases, $x=lVert xrVerttimesfrac x{lVert xrVert}$. Since, $leftlVertfrac x{lVert xrVert}rightrVert=1$ and $Lambda$ is linear,$$lvertLambda xrvert=lVert xrVertleftlvertLambdafrac x{lVert xrVert}rightrvertleqslantlVert xrVertlVertLambdarVert.$$






          share|cite|improve this answer









          $endgroup$













          • $begingroup$
            Since, $lVertfrac x{lVert xrVert}rVert=1$ then $lvertLambdafrac x{lVert xrVert}rvertleqlvertLambdarVert$?
            $endgroup$
            – beginner
            Dec 10 '18 at 0:05










          • $begingroup$
            Sure, by the definition of $lVertLambdarVert$.
            $endgroup$
            – José Carlos Santos
            Dec 10 '18 at 0:09





















          0












          $begingroup$

          You can prove that
          $$
          |Lambda|=sup_{substack{xin X\xne0}}frac{|Lambda x|}{|x|}
          $$

          by noticing that
          $$
          left|frac{1}{|x|}x,right|=1
          $$






          share|cite|improve this answer









          $endgroup$













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            2 Answers
            2






            active

            oldest

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            2 Answers
            2






            active

            oldest

            votes









            active

            oldest

            votes






            active

            oldest

            votes









            1












            $begingroup$

            If $x=0$, that inequality is trivial.



            In the other cases, $x=lVert xrVerttimesfrac x{lVert xrVert}$. Since, $leftlVertfrac x{lVert xrVert}rightrVert=1$ and $Lambda$ is linear,$$lvertLambda xrvert=lVert xrVertleftlvertLambdafrac x{lVert xrVert}rightrvertleqslantlVert xrVertlVertLambdarVert.$$






            share|cite|improve this answer









            $endgroup$













            • $begingroup$
              Since, $lVertfrac x{lVert xrVert}rVert=1$ then $lvertLambdafrac x{lVert xrVert}rvertleqlvertLambdarVert$?
              $endgroup$
              – beginner
              Dec 10 '18 at 0:05










            • $begingroup$
              Sure, by the definition of $lVertLambdarVert$.
              $endgroup$
              – José Carlos Santos
              Dec 10 '18 at 0:09


















            1












            $begingroup$

            If $x=0$, that inequality is trivial.



            In the other cases, $x=lVert xrVerttimesfrac x{lVert xrVert}$. Since, $leftlVertfrac x{lVert xrVert}rightrVert=1$ and $Lambda$ is linear,$$lvertLambda xrvert=lVert xrVertleftlvertLambdafrac x{lVert xrVert}rightrvertleqslantlVert xrVertlVertLambdarVert.$$






            share|cite|improve this answer









            $endgroup$













            • $begingroup$
              Since, $lVertfrac x{lVert xrVert}rVert=1$ then $lvertLambdafrac x{lVert xrVert}rvertleqlvertLambdarVert$?
              $endgroup$
              – beginner
              Dec 10 '18 at 0:05










            • $begingroup$
              Sure, by the definition of $lVertLambdarVert$.
              $endgroup$
              – José Carlos Santos
              Dec 10 '18 at 0:09
















            1












            1








            1





            $begingroup$

            If $x=0$, that inequality is trivial.



            In the other cases, $x=lVert xrVerttimesfrac x{lVert xrVert}$. Since, $leftlVertfrac x{lVert xrVert}rightrVert=1$ and $Lambda$ is linear,$$lvertLambda xrvert=lVert xrVertleftlvertLambdafrac x{lVert xrVert}rightrvertleqslantlVert xrVertlVertLambdarVert.$$






            share|cite|improve this answer









            $endgroup$



            If $x=0$, that inequality is trivial.



            In the other cases, $x=lVert xrVerttimesfrac x{lVert xrVert}$. Since, $leftlVertfrac x{lVert xrVert}rightrVert=1$ and $Lambda$ is linear,$$lvertLambda xrvert=lVert xrVertleftlvertLambdafrac x{lVert xrVert}rightrvertleqslantlVert xrVertlVertLambdarVert.$$







            share|cite|improve this answer












            share|cite|improve this answer



            share|cite|improve this answer










            answered Dec 9 '18 at 22:15









            José Carlos SantosJosé Carlos Santos

            162k22129233




            162k22129233












            • $begingroup$
              Since, $lVertfrac x{lVert xrVert}rVert=1$ then $lvertLambdafrac x{lVert xrVert}rvertleqlvertLambdarVert$?
              $endgroup$
              – beginner
              Dec 10 '18 at 0:05










            • $begingroup$
              Sure, by the definition of $lVertLambdarVert$.
              $endgroup$
              – José Carlos Santos
              Dec 10 '18 at 0:09




















            • $begingroup$
              Since, $lVertfrac x{lVert xrVert}rVert=1$ then $lvertLambdafrac x{lVert xrVert}rvertleqlvertLambdarVert$?
              $endgroup$
              – beginner
              Dec 10 '18 at 0:05










            • $begingroup$
              Sure, by the definition of $lVertLambdarVert$.
              $endgroup$
              – José Carlos Santos
              Dec 10 '18 at 0:09


















            $begingroup$
            Since, $lVertfrac x{lVert xrVert}rVert=1$ then $lvertLambdafrac x{lVert xrVert}rvertleqlvertLambdarVert$?
            $endgroup$
            – beginner
            Dec 10 '18 at 0:05




            $begingroup$
            Since, $lVertfrac x{lVert xrVert}rVert=1$ then $lvertLambdafrac x{lVert xrVert}rvertleqlvertLambdarVert$?
            $endgroup$
            – beginner
            Dec 10 '18 at 0:05












            $begingroup$
            Sure, by the definition of $lVertLambdarVert$.
            $endgroup$
            – José Carlos Santos
            Dec 10 '18 at 0:09






            $begingroup$
            Sure, by the definition of $lVertLambdarVert$.
            $endgroup$
            – José Carlos Santos
            Dec 10 '18 at 0:09













            0












            $begingroup$

            You can prove that
            $$
            |Lambda|=sup_{substack{xin X\xne0}}frac{|Lambda x|}{|x|}
            $$

            by noticing that
            $$
            left|frac{1}{|x|}x,right|=1
            $$






            share|cite|improve this answer









            $endgroup$


















              0












              $begingroup$

              You can prove that
              $$
              |Lambda|=sup_{substack{xin X\xne0}}frac{|Lambda x|}{|x|}
              $$

              by noticing that
              $$
              left|frac{1}{|x|}x,right|=1
              $$






              share|cite|improve this answer









              $endgroup$
















                0












                0








                0





                $begingroup$

                You can prove that
                $$
                |Lambda|=sup_{substack{xin X\xne0}}frac{|Lambda x|}{|x|}
                $$

                by noticing that
                $$
                left|frac{1}{|x|}x,right|=1
                $$






                share|cite|improve this answer









                $endgroup$



                You can prove that
                $$
                |Lambda|=sup_{substack{xin X\xne0}}frac{|Lambda x|}{|x|}
                $$

                by noticing that
                $$
                left|frac{1}{|x|}x,right|=1
                $$







                share|cite|improve this answer












                share|cite|improve this answer



                share|cite|improve this answer










                answered Dec 9 '18 at 22:15









                egregegreg

                182k1485204




                182k1485204






























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