Quadrilaterals with equal sides












17












$begingroup$


Quadrilateral




$AC = BD$



$EC = ED$



$AF = FB$



Angle CAF = 70 deg



Angle DBF = 60 deg



We are looking for angle EFA.




I have found through Geogebra that the required angle is 85 deg.
Any ideas how to prove it? I am not so familiar with Geometry :(










share|cite|improve this question









$endgroup$

















    17












    $begingroup$


    Quadrilateral




    $AC = BD$



    $EC = ED$



    $AF = FB$



    Angle CAF = 70 deg



    Angle DBF = 60 deg



    We are looking for angle EFA.




    I have found through Geogebra that the required angle is 85 deg.
    Any ideas how to prove it? I am not so familiar with Geometry :(










    share|cite|improve this question









    $endgroup$















      17












      17








      17


      7



      $begingroup$


      Quadrilateral




      $AC = BD$



      $EC = ED$



      $AF = FB$



      Angle CAF = 70 deg



      Angle DBF = 60 deg



      We are looking for angle EFA.




      I have found through Geogebra that the required angle is 85 deg.
      Any ideas how to prove it? I am not so familiar with Geometry :(










      share|cite|improve this question









      $endgroup$




      Quadrilateral




      $AC = BD$



      $EC = ED$



      $AF = FB$



      Angle CAF = 70 deg



      Angle DBF = 60 deg



      We are looking for angle EFA.




      I have found through Geogebra that the required angle is 85 deg.
      Any ideas how to prove it? I am not so familiar with Geometry :(







      geometry






      share|cite|improve this question













      share|cite|improve this question











      share|cite|improve this question




      share|cite|improve this question










      asked Apr 19 at 8:57









      SamuelSamuel

      532412




      532412






















          2 Answers
          2






          active

          oldest

          votes


















          9












          $begingroup$

          Consider the following triangle:-



          enter image description here



          Let $JM = a, JN = b $ . In this particular $triangle$, $MK=NL =$ say $x$.



          Draw the angle bisector of $angle J$ , $JO$.



          WLOG $a<b$.



          Then , by the internal angle bisector theorem , $MR = k_1a , RN = k_1b , KO= k_2(a+x) , OL = k_2(b+x) $.



          Obviously , $MN=k_1(a+b) $ and $KL =k_2(a+b+2x)$



          Now , locate a point $J'$ along $JL$ , such that $JJ'=frac{b-a}{2}$ . While this may seem arbitrary , things will become clear soon.



          Draw $J'Q$ parallel to $JO$ .



          $J'N=JN-JJ'=frac{a+b}{2}$.



          Using similarity in $triangle $s $JRN$ and $J'SN$ , $SN$ = $frac{k_1(a+b)}{2}$



          This implies that $S$ is the midpoint of $MN$ !



          Similarly , we find $QL$ to equal $k_2(frac{a+b}{2}+x)$ , proving that $Q$ is the midpoint of $KL$ .



          Recall that by construction, $J'Q$ is parallel to $JO$.



          Thus , we have discovered the fact , that :-



          The line joining the midpoints of the opposite sides of a quadrilateral ,when its other sides are equal , is parallel to the angle bisector of the angle formed by extending the other two sides.



          Your problem is now trivial .



          In your case , $angle MKL=70 , angle KLN =60 $



          $therefore angle KJL = 50 implies angle RJN = angle QJ'N = 25$



          External angle $J'QK = 25+60 = boxed{85} $






          share|cite|improve this answer











          $endgroup$













          • $begingroup$
            Hope you retained OP's labels of intersection points.
            $endgroup$
            – Narasimham
            Apr 19 at 13:02










          • $begingroup$
            @Narasimham No , I'm sorry , I haven't ;) . I can change all the labels , and the image , if you desire, but it would take a while.
            $endgroup$
            – Sinπ
            Apr 19 at 13:06












          • $begingroup$
            @Sinπ thank you very much!! No need to change any labels; everything is very clear!!
            $endgroup$
            – Samuel
            Apr 19 at 13:38












          • $begingroup$
            Your result was apparently new, I up-voted. In good time you may consider relabelling for an answer that corresponds, esp. it is accepted now :)
            $endgroup$
            – Narasimham
            Apr 19 at 13:44



















          0












          $begingroup$

          Here' is another solution. Let $alpha$ and $beta$ be the angles at $A$ and $B$, resp., let $a$ and $b$ be the length of $AF$ and $AC$, resp. Consider a coordinate system with origin $F$ and let $FB$ the direction of the abscissa. Let $varphi$ be the angle in question.



          Then
          $$FC=begin{pmatrix}-a\0end{pmatrix}+bbegin{pmatrix}
          cos(alpha)\ sin(alpha)end{pmatrix}text{ and }
          FD=begin{pmatrix}a\0end{pmatrix}+bbegin{pmatrix}
          -cos(beta)\ sin(beta)end{pmatrix},$$

          hence $FE$ the midpoint of $C$ and $D$ is
          $$frac12bbegin{pmatrix}
          cos(alpha)-cos(beta)\ sin(alpha)+sin(beta)end{pmatrix}.$$

          Therefore the slope of $FE$ is
          $$tan(180-varphi)=frac{sin(alpha)+sin(beta)}{cos(alpha)-cos(beta)}
          =frac{2sinbigl((alpha+beta)/2bigr)cos(bigl((alpha-beta)2bigr)}{-2sinbigl((alpha+beta)/2bigr)sin(bigl((alpha-beta)2bigr)}
          =-frac{1}{tanbigl((alpha-beta)/2)bigr)},$$

          that is
          $$tan(varphi)cdottanbigl((alpha-beta)/2)bigr)=-1,$$
          hence the line $FE$ is perpendicular to one with an angle of $(alpha-beta)2$. Thus, $180-varphi$ and $(alpha-beta)/2$ differ by $90$.



          In our case $(alpha-beta)/2=5$, so the perpendicular line must have an angle of $95$, that is $180-varphi=95$.



          NB: I'm sure there is a simpler way to achieve this general result.






          share|cite|improve this answer











          $endgroup$














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            2 Answers
            2






            active

            oldest

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            2 Answers
            2






            active

            oldest

            votes









            active

            oldest

            votes






            active

            oldest

            votes









            9












            $begingroup$

            Consider the following triangle:-



            enter image description here



            Let $JM = a, JN = b $ . In this particular $triangle$, $MK=NL =$ say $x$.



            Draw the angle bisector of $angle J$ , $JO$.



            WLOG $a<b$.



            Then , by the internal angle bisector theorem , $MR = k_1a , RN = k_1b , KO= k_2(a+x) , OL = k_2(b+x) $.



            Obviously , $MN=k_1(a+b) $ and $KL =k_2(a+b+2x)$



            Now , locate a point $J'$ along $JL$ , such that $JJ'=frac{b-a}{2}$ . While this may seem arbitrary , things will become clear soon.



            Draw $J'Q$ parallel to $JO$ .



            $J'N=JN-JJ'=frac{a+b}{2}$.



            Using similarity in $triangle $s $JRN$ and $J'SN$ , $SN$ = $frac{k_1(a+b)}{2}$



            This implies that $S$ is the midpoint of $MN$ !



            Similarly , we find $QL$ to equal $k_2(frac{a+b}{2}+x)$ , proving that $Q$ is the midpoint of $KL$ .



            Recall that by construction, $J'Q$ is parallel to $JO$.



            Thus , we have discovered the fact , that :-



            The line joining the midpoints of the opposite sides of a quadrilateral ,when its other sides are equal , is parallel to the angle bisector of the angle formed by extending the other two sides.



            Your problem is now trivial .



            In your case , $angle MKL=70 , angle KLN =60 $



            $therefore angle KJL = 50 implies angle RJN = angle QJ'N = 25$



            External angle $J'QK = 25+60 = boxed{85} $






            share|cite|improve this answer











            $endgroup$













            • $begingroup$
              Hope you retained OP's labels of intersection points.
              $endgroup$
              – Narasimham
              Apr 19 at 13:02










            • $begingroup$
              @Narasimham No , I'm sorry , I haven't ;) . I can change all the labels , and the image , if you desire, but it would take a while.
              $endgroup$
              – Sinπ
              Apr 19 at 13:06












            • $begingroup$
              @Sinπ thank you very much!! No need to change any labels; everything is very clear!!
              $endgroup$
              – Samuel
              Apr 19 at 13:38












            • $begingroup$
              Your result was apparently new, I up-voted. In good time you may consider relabelling for an answer that corresponds, esp. it is accepted now :)
              $endgroup$
              – Narasimham
              Apr 19 at 13:44
















            9












            $begingroup$

            Consider the following triangle:-



            enter image description here



            Let $JM = a, JN = b $ . In this particular $triangle$, $MK=NL =$ say $x$.



            Draw the angle bisector of $angle J$ , $JO$.



            WLOG $a<b$.



            Then , by the internal angle bisector theorem , $MR = k_1a , RN = k_1b , KO= k_2(a+x) , OL = k_2(b+x) $.



            Obviously , $MN=k_1(a+b) $ and $KL =k_2(a+b+2x)$



            Now , locate a point $J'$ along $JL$ , such that $JJ'=frac{b-a}{2}$ . While this may seem arbitrary , things will become clear soon.



            Draw $J'Q$ parallel to $JO$ .



            $J'N=JN-JJ'=frac{a+b}{2}$.



            Using similarity in $triangle $s $JRN$ and $J'SN$ , $SN$ = $frac{k_1(a+b)}{2}$



            This implies that $S$ is the midpoint of $MN$ !



            Similarly , we find $QL$ to equal $k_2(frac{a+b}{2}+x)$ , proving that $Q$ is the midpoint of $KL$ .



            Recall that by construction, $J'Q$ is parallel to $JO$.



            Thus , we have discovered the fact , that :-



            The line joining the midpoints of the opposite sides of a quadrilateral ,when its other sides are equal , is parallel to the angle bisector of the angle formed by extending the other two sides.



            Your problem is now trivial .



            In your case , $angle MKL=70 , angle KLN =60 $



            $therefore angle KJL = 50 implies angle RJN = angle QJ'N = 25$



            External angle $J'QK = 25+60 = boxed{85} $






            share|cite|improve this answer











            $endgroup$













            • $begingroup$
              Hope you retained OP's labels of intersection points.
              $endgroup$
              – Narasimham
              Apr 19 at 13:02










            • $begingroup$
              @Narasimham No , I'm sorry , I haven't ;) . I can change all the labels , and the image , if you desire, but it would take a while.
              $endgroup$
              – Sinπ
              Apr 19 at 13:06












            • $begingroup$
              @Sinπ thank you very much!! No need to change any labels; everything is very clear!!
              $endgroup$
              – Samuel
              Apr 19 at 13:38












            • $begingroup$
              Your result was apparently new, I up-voted. In good time you may consider relabelling for an answer that corresponds, esp. it is accepted now :)
              $endgroup$
              – Narasimham
              Apr 19 at 13:44














            9












            9








            9





            $begingroup$

            Consider the following triangle:-



            enter image description here



            Let $JM = a, JN = b $ . In this particular $triangle$, $MK=NL =$ say $x$.



            Draw the angle bisector of $angle J$ , $JO$.



            WLOG $a<b$.



            Then , by the internal angle bisector theorem , $MR = k_1a , RN = k_1b , KO= k_2(a+x) , OL = k_2(b+x) $.



            Obviously , $MN=k_1(a+b) $ and $KL =k_2(a+b+2x)$



            Now , locate a point $J'$ along $JL$ , such that $JJ'=frac{b-a}{2}$ . While this may seem arbitrary , things will become clear soon.



            Draw $J'Q$ parallel to $JO$ .



            $J'N=JN-JJ'=frac{a+b}{2}$.



            Using similarity in $triangle $s $JRN$ and $J'SN$ , $SN$ = $frac{k_1(a+b)}{2}$



            This implies that $S$ is the midpoint of $MN$ !



            Similarly , we find $QL$ to equal $k_2(frac{a+b}{2}+x)$ , proving that $Q$ is the midpoint of $KL$ .



            Recall that by construction, $J'Q$ is parallel to $JO$.



            Thus , we have discovered the fact , that :-



            The line joining the midpoints of the opposite sides of a quadrilateral ,when its other sides are equal , is parallel to the angle bisector of the angle formed by extending the other two sides.



            Your problem is now trivial .



            In your case , $angle MKL=70 , angle KLN =60 $



            $therefore angle KJL = 50 implies angle RJN = angle QJ'N = 25$



            External angle $J'QK = 25+60 = boxed{85} $






            share|cite|improve this answer











            $endgroup$



            Consider the following triangle:-



            enter image description here



            Let $JM = a, JN = b $ . In this particular $triangle$, $MK=NL =$ say $x$.



            Draw the angle bisector of $angle J$ , $JO$.



            WLOG $a<b$.



            Then , by the internal angle bisector theorem , $MR = k_1a , RN = k_1b , KO= k_2(a+x) , OL = k_2(b+x) $.



            Obviously , $MN=k_1(a+b) $ and $KL =k_2(a+b+2x)$



            Now , locate a point $J'$ along $JL$ , such that $JJ'=frac{b-a}{2}$ . While this may seem arbitrary , things will become clear soon.



            Draw $J'Q$ parallel to $JO$ .



            $J'N=JN-JJ'=frac{a+b}{2}$.



            Using similarity in $triangle $s $JRN$ and $J'SN$ , $SN$ = $frac{k_1(a+b)}{2}$



            This implies that $S$ is the midpoint of $MN$ !



            Similarly , we find $QL$ to equal $k_2(frac{a+b}{2}+x)$ , proving that $Q$ is the midpoint of $KL$ .



            Recall that by construction, $J'Q$ is parallel to $JO$.



            Thus , we have discovered the fact , that :-



            The line joining the midpoints of the opposite sides of a quadrilateral ,when its other sides are equal , is parallel to the angle bisector of the angle formed by extending the other two sides.



            Your problem is now trivial .



            In your case , $angle MKL=70 , angle KLN =60 $



            $therefore angle KJL = 50 implies angle RJN = angle QJ'N = 25$



            External angle $J'QK = 25+60 = boxed{85} $







            share|cite|improve this answer














            share|cite|improve this answer



            share|cite|improve this answer








            edited Apr 19 at 12:48

























            answered Apr 19 at 12:37









            SinπSinπ

            75212




            75212












            • $begingroup$
              Hope you retained OP's labels of intersection points.
              $endgroup$
              – Narasimham
              Apr 19 at 13:02










            • $begingroup$
              @Narasimham No , I'm sorry , I haven't ;) . I can change all the labels , and the image , if you desire, but it would take a while.
              $endgroup$
              – Sinπ
              Apr 19 at 13:06












            • $begingroup$
              @Sinπ thank you very much!! No need to change any labels; everything is very clear!!
              $endgroup$
              – Samuel
              Apr 19 at 13:38












            • $begingroup$
              Your result was apparently new, I up-voted. In good time you may consider relabelling for an answer that corresponds, esp. it is accepted now :)
              $endgroup$
              – Narasimham
              Apr 19 at 13:44


















            • $begingroup$
              Hope you retained OP's labels of intersection points.
              $endgroup$
              – Narasimham
              Apr 19 at 13:02










            • $begingroup$
              @Narasimham No , I'm sorry , I haven't ;) . I can change all the labels , and the image , if you desire, but it would take a while.
              $endgroup$
              – Sinπ
              Apr 19 at 13:06












            • $begingroup$
              @Sinπ thank you very much!! No need to change any labels; everything is very clear!!
              $endgroup$
              – Samuel
              Apr 19 at 13:38












            • $begingroup$
              Your result was apparently new, I up-voted. In good time you may consider relabelling for an answer that corresponds, esp. it is accepted now :)
              $endgroup$
              – Narasimham
              Apr 19 at 13:44
















            $begingroup$
            Hope you retained OP's labels of intersection points.
            $endgroup$
            – Narasimham
            Apr 19 at 13:02




            $begingroup$
            Hope you retained OP's labels of intersection points.
            $endgroup$
            – Narasimham
            Apr 19 at 13:02












            $begingroup$
            @Narasimham No , I'm sorry , I haven't ;) . I can change all the labels , and the image , if you desire, but it would take a while.
            $endgroup$
            – Sinπ
            Apr 19 at 13:06






            $begingroup$
            @Narasimham No , I'm sorry , I haven't ;) . I can change all the labels , and the image , if you desire, but it would take a while.
            $endgroup$
            – Sinπ
            Apr 19 at 13:06














            $begingroup$
            @Sinπ thank you very much!! No need to change any labels; everything is very clear!!
            $endgroup$
            – Samuel
            Apr 19 at 13:38






            $begingroup$
            @Sinπ thank you very much!! No need to change any labels; everything is very clear!!
            $endgroup$
            – Samuel
            Apr 19 at 13:38














            $begingroup$
            Your result was apparently new, I up-voted. In good time you may consider relabelling for an answer that corresponds, esp. it is accepted now :)
            $endgroup$
            – Narasimham
            Apr 19 at 13:44




            $begingroup$
            Your result was apparently new, I up-voted. In good time you may consider relabelling for an answer that corresponds, esp. it is accepted now :)
            $endgroup$
            – Narasimham
            Apr 19 at 13:44











            0












            $begingroup$

            Here' is another solution. Let $alpha$ and $beta$ be the angles at $A$ and $B$, resp., let $a$ and $b$ be the length of $AF$ and $AC$, resp. Consider a coordinate system with origin $F$ and let $FB$ the direction of the abscissa. Let $varphi$ be the angle in question.



            Then
            $$FC=begin{pmatrix}-a\0end{pmatrix}+bbegin{pmatrix}
            cos(alpha)\ sin(alpha)end{pmatrix}text{ and }
            FD=begin{pmatrix}a\0end{pmatrix}+bbegin{pmatrix}
            -cos(beta)\ sin(beta)end{pmatrix},$$

            hence $FE$ the midpoint of $C$ and $D$ is
            $$frac12bbegin{pmatrix}
            cos(alpha)-cos(beta)\ sin(alpha)+sin(beta)end{pmatrix}.$$

            Therefore the slope of $FE$ is
            $$tan(180-varphi)=frac{sin(alpha)+sin(beta)}{cos(alpha)-cos(beta)}
            =frac{2sinbigl((alpha+beta)/2bigr)cos(bigl((alpha-beta)2bigr)}{-2sinbigl((alpha+beta)/2bigr)sin(bigl((alpha-beta)2bigr)}
            =-frac{1}{tanbigl((alpha-beta)/2)bigr)},$$

            that is
            $$tan(varphi)cdottanbigl((alpha-beta)/2)bigr)=-1,$$
            hence the line $FE$ is perpendicular to one with an angle of $(alpha-beta)2$. Thus, $180-varphi$ and $(alpha-beta)/2$ differ by $90$.



            In our case $(alpha-beta)/2=5$, so the perpendicular line must have an angle of $95$, that is $180-varphi=95$.



            NB: I'm sure there is a simpler way to achieve this general result.






            share|cite|improve this answer











            $endgroup$


















              0












              $begingroup$

              Here' is another solution. Let $alpha$ and $beta$ be the angles at $A$ and $B$, resp., let $a$ and $b$ be the length of $AF$ and $AC$, resp. Consider a coordinate system with origin $F$ and let $FB$ the direction of the abscissa. Let $varphi$ be the angle in question.



              Then
              $$FC=begin{pmatrix}-a\0end{pmatrix}+bbegin{pmatrix}
              cos(alpha)\ sin(alpha)end{pmatrix}text{ and }
              FD=begin{pmatrix}a\0end{pmatrix}+bbegin{pmatrix}
              -cos(beta)\ sin(beta)end{pmatrix},$$

              hence $FE$ the midpoint of $C$ and $D$ is
              $$frac12bbegin{pmatrix}
              cos(alpha)-cos(beta)\ sin(alpha)+sin(beta)end{pmatrix}.$$

              Therefore the slope of $FE$ is
              $$tan(180-varphi)=frac{sin(alpha)+sin(beta)}{cos(alpha)-cos(beta)}
              =frac{2sinbigl((alpha+beta)/2bigr)cos(bigl((alpha-beta)2bigr)}{-2sinbigl((alpha+beta)/2bigr)sin(bigl((alpha-beta)2bigr)}
              =-frac{1}{tanbigl((alpha-beta)/2)bigr)},$$

              that is
              $$tan(varphi)cdottanbigl((alpha-beta)/2)bigr)=-1,$$
              hence the line $FE$ is perpendicular to one with an angle of $(alpha-beta)2$. Thus, $180-varphi$ and $(alpha-beta)/2$ differ by $90$.



              In our case $(alpha-beta)/2=5$, so the perpendicular line must have an angle of $95$, that is $180-varphi=95$.



              NB: I'm sure there is a simpler way to achieve this general result.






              share|cite|improve this answer











              $endgroup$
















                0












                0








                0





                $begingroup$

                Here' is another solution. Let $alpha$ and $beta$ be the angles at $A$ and $B$, resp., let $a$ and $b$ be the length of $AF$ and $AC$, resp. Consider a coordinate system with origin $F$ and let $FB$ the direction of the abscissa. Let $varphi$ be the angle in question.



                Then
                $$FC=begin{pmatrix}-a\0end{pmatrix}+bbegin{pmatrix}
                cos(alpha)\ sin(alpha)end{pmatrix}text{ and }
                FD=begin{pmatrix}a\0end{pmatrix}+bbegin{pmatrix}
                -cos(beta)\ sin(beta)end{pmatrix},$$

                hence $FE$ the midpoint of $C$ and $D$ is
                $$frac12bbegin{pmatrix}
                cos(alpha)-cos(beta)\ sin(alpha)+sin(beta)end{pmatrix}.$$

                Therefore the slope of $FE$ is
                $$tan(180-varphi)=frac{sin(alpha)+sin(beta)}{cos(alpha)-cos(beta)}
                =frac{2sinbigl((alpha+beta)/2bigr)cos(bigl((alpha-beta)2bigr)}{-2sinbigl((alpha+beta)/2bigr)sin(bigl((alpha-beta)2bigr)}
                =-frac{1}{tanbigl((alpha-beta)/2)bigr)},$$

                that is
                $$tan(varphi)cdottanbigl((alpha-beta)/2)bigr)=-1,$$
                hence the line $FE$ is perpendicular to one with an angle of $(alpha-beta)2$. Thus, $180-varphi$ and $(alpha-beta)/2$ differ by $90$.



                In our case $(alpha-beta)/2=5$, so the perpendicular line must have an angle of $95$, that is $180-varphi=95$.



                NB: I'm sure there is a simpler way to achieve this general result.






                share|cite|improve this answer











                $endgroup$



                Here' is another solution. Let $alpha$ and $beta$ be the angles at $A$ and $B$, resp., let $a$ and $b$ be the length of $AF$ and $AC$, resp. Consider a coordinate system with origin $F$ and let $FB$ the direction of the abscissa. Let $varphi$ be the angle in question.



                Then
                $$FC=begin{pmatrix}-a\0end{pmatrix}+bbegin{pmatrix}
                cos(alpha)\ sin(alpha)end{pmatrix}text{ and }
                FD=begin{pmatrix}a\0end{pmatrix}+bbegin{pmatrix}
                -cos(beta)\ sin(beta)end{pmatrix},$$

                hence $FE$ the midpoint of $C$ and $D$ is
                $$frac12bbegin{pmatrix}
                cos(alpha)-cos(beta)\ sin(alpha)+sin(beta)end{pmatrix}.$$

                Therefore the slope of $FE$ is
                $$tan(180-varphi)=frac{sin(alpha)+sin(beta)}{cos(alpha)-cos(beta)}
                =frac{2sinbigl((alpha+beta)/2bigr)cos(bigl((alpha-beta)2bigr)}{-2sinbigl((alpha+beta)/2bigr)sin(bigl((alpha-beta)2bigr)}
                =-frac{1}{tanbigl((alpha-beta)/2)bigr)},$$

                that is
                $$tan(varphi)cdottanbigl((alpha-beta)/2)bigr)=-1,$$
                hence the line $FE$ is perpendicular to one with an angle of $(alpha-beta)2$. Thus, $180-varphi$ and $(alpha-beta)/2$ differ by $90$.



                In our case $(alpha-beta)/2=5$, so the perpendicular line must have an angle of $95$, that is $180-varphi=95$.



                NB: I'm sure there is a simpler way to achieve this general result.







                share|cite|improve this answer














                share|cite|improve this answer



                share|cite|improve this answer








                edited 2 days ago

























                answered Apr 20 at 15:15









                Michael HoppeMichael Hoppe

                11.3k31837




                11.3k31837






























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