Csdrhrt

I am working on my dissertation and I have no idea how I should do this in LaTeX.

And the shading definitely is challenging.

I have only been able to do this so far, I am still an amateur at it.

usepackage{color}

newcommandx{times}

newcommandy{cellcolor{green}}



begin{document}

begin{equation*}

   left[

  begin{array}{ccc}

y & y    & y   \

   & y   & y R  \

   &       & y   \

end{array}

 right]left[

     begin{array}{c}

        \

       a_j \

        \

     end{array}

   right]=

end{equation*}

end{document}

With TikZ matrix:

documentclass{article}

usepackage{amsmath}

usepackage{tikz}

usetikzlibrary{matrix,  positioning, patterns, backgrounds}

tikzset{

    every matrix/.append style={

        matrix of math nodes,

        nodes in empty cells,

        inner sep=0pt,

        outer sep=0pt,

        column sep=-pgflinewidth,

        row sep=-pgflinewidth,

        },

    mylargenode/.style={

        text centered,

        text width=30pt,

        text height=20pt,

        text depth=10pt,

    },

    mylongnode/.style={

        text centered,

        text width=20pt,

        text height=40pt,

        text depth=30pt,

    },

    mysmallnode/.style={

        text centered,

        text width=20pt,

        text height=20pt,

        text depth=10pt,

    },

    mylonglargenode/.style={

        text centered,

        text width=30pt,

        text height=40pt,

        text depth=30pt,

    },

}



begin{document}

With delimiters like in your image:

[

begin{tikzpicture}

matrix[

    nodes={mylargenode},

    column 6/.style={nodes={mysmallnode}},

    row 6/.style={nodes={mylonglargenode}}

    ] (A) {%

    &&&&&|[draw=blue, fill=blue!10!white]| \

    &&&&&|[draw=blue, fill=blue!30!white]|\

    &&&&&|[draw=blue, fill=blue!50!white]|\

    &&&&&|[draw=blue,dotted]| \

    &&&&&|[draw=blue, fill=blue!70!white]|\

    &&&&& |[mylongnode,pattern=crosshatch,pattern color=blue!40!white, draw=blue]|Dot{F}\

    };

begin{scope}[on background layer]

foreach ind in {1,2,3,5}

    {

    draw[green!70!black,fill=green!40!lightgray] (A-ind-ind.north west) -- (A-ind-ind.north east) -- (A-ind-ind.south east) -- cycle;

    node[anchor=north east] at (A-ind-ind.north east) {R};

    }

end{scope}

draw[dotted, green!70!black] (A-4-4.north west) -- (A-4-4.north east) -- (A-4-4.south east) -- cycle;

node[font=Huge,shift={(-1,-2)}] at (A) {$0$}; 

node[font=Huge,shift={(1,3)}] at (A) {$0$};

matrix[

    right =of A.north east,

    anchor=north west,

    nodes={mysmallnode}

    ] (B) {%

    underline{a}_1  \

    underline{a}_2 \

    underline{a}_3 \

    \

    underline{a}_M\

    underline{b}\

    };

foreach ind in {1,2,...,5}{

    draw (B-ind-1.south west) -- (B-ind-1.south east);

}

draw[dotted] (B-4-1.north) -- (B-4-1.south);

matrix[

    right =4em of B.north east,

    anchor=north west,

    nodes={draw,mysmallnode}

    ] (C) {%

    |[fill=yellow!10!white]|\

    |[fill=yellow!30!white]|\

    |[fill=yellow!50!white]|\

    \

    |[fill=yellow!70!white]|\

    |[mylongnode, pattern=horizontal lines, pattern color=yellow!90!white]|underline{Dot{f}}\

    };

path (B-4-1) -- node[midway] {$=$} (C-4-1);

draw[dotted] (C-4-1.north) -- (C-4-1.south);

% delimiters:

foreach mymatr in {A,B,C}

{

draw[very thick] ([xshift=4pt]mymatr.north west) -- (mymatr.north west) -- (mymatr.south west) -- ([xshift=4pt]mymatr.south west);

draw[very thick] ([xshift=-4pt]mymatr.north east) -- (mymatr.north east) -- (mymatr.south east) -- ([xshift=-4pt]mymatr.south east);

}

end{tikzpicture}

]



Or with ordinary delimiter:

[

begin{tikzpicture}[   

    every matrix/.append style={

        left delimiter={[},

        right delimiter={]},

        }

 ]

matrix[

    nodes={mylargenode},

    column 6/.style={nodes={mysmallnode}},

    row 6/.style={nodes={mylonglargenode}}

    ] (A) {%

    &&&&&|[draw=blue, fill=blue!10!white]| \

    &&&&&|[draw=blue, fill=blue!30!white]|\

    &&&&&|[draw=blue, fill=blue!50!white]|\

    &&&&&|[draw=blue,dotted]| \

    &&&&&|[draw=blue, fill=blue!70!white]|\

    &&&&& |[mylongnode,pattern=crosshatch,pattern color=blue!40!white, draw=blue]|Dot{F}\

    };

begin{scope}[on background layer]

foreach ind in {1,2,3,5}

    {

    draw[green!70!black,fill=green!40!lightgray] (A-ind-ind.north west) -- (A-ind-ind.north east) -- (A-ind-ind.south east) -- cycle;

    node[anchor=north east] at (A-ind-ind.north east) {R};

    }

end{scope}

draw[dotted, green!70!black] (A-4-4.north west) -- (A-4-4.north east) -- (A-4-4.south east) -- cycle;

node[font=Huge,shift={(-1,-2)}] at (A) {$0$}; 

node[font=Huge,shift={(1,3)}] at (A) {$0$};

matrix[

    right =of A.north east,

    anchor=north west,

    nodes={mysmallnode}

    ] (B) {%

    underline{a}_1  \

    underline{a}_2 \

    underline{a}_3 \

    \

    underline{a}_M\

    underline{b}\

    };

foreach ind in {1,2,...,5}{

    draw (B-ind-1.south west) -- (B-ind-1.south east);

}

draw[dotted] (B-4-1.north) -- (B-4-1.south);

matrix[

    right =4em of B.north east,

    anchor=north west,

    nodes={draw,mysmallnode}

    ] (C) {%

    |[fill=yellow!10!white]|\

    |[fill=yellow!30!white]|\

    |[fill=yellow!50!white]|\

    \

    |[fill=yellow!70!white]|\

    |[mylongnode, pattern=horizontal lines, pattern color=yellow!90!white]|underline{Dot{f}}\

    };

path (B-4-1) -- node[midway] {$=$} (C-4-1);

draw[dotted] (C-4-1.north) -- (C-4-1.south);

end{tikzpicture}

]

end{document}

It is indeed a bit tedious. (EDIT: Fixed the first R to become math mode, mille grazie to @Sebastiano!)

documentclass[tikz,border=3.14mm]{standalone}

usetikzlibrary{positioning,backgrounds,patterns}

begin{document}

begin{tikzpicture}

 begin{scope}[local bounding box=mat1]

  path node (R0) {$R$} foreach X [remember=X as lastX (initially 0)] in

  {1,...,4}

  {ifnumX=3

    node[below right=1.5em of RlastX] (RX) {$phantom{R}$}

   else

    node[below right=1.5em of RlastX] (RX)  {$R$}

   fi

   };

  begin{scope}[on background layer]

   draw[fill=green!70!black] 

   foreach X in {0,1,2,4} {

   ([xshift=-1em]RX.north west) -- ([yshift=-1em]RX.south east)

   coordinate(bX)

   |- cycle};

   draw[densely dotted] ([xshift=-1em]R3.north west) -- ([yshift=-1em]R3.south east)

   coordinate(b3) |- cycle;

  end{scope}

  node[pattern=crosshatch,pattern color=purple,anchor=north west,

  minimum height=6em] (F) at ([yshift=-1em]R4.south east) {$F$}; 

  draw[densely dotted] ([yshift=-1em]R3.south east-|R4.south east)

   rectangle  (F.east|-R3.north);

  foreach X [evaluate=X as Y using {int(40+10*X)}] in {0,1,2,4} 

  {draw[fill=purple!Y] ([yshift=-1em]RX.south east-|R4.south east)

   rectangle  (F.east|-RX.north);}

 end{scope} 

 path (mat1.south west) -- (mat1.north east)

  node[pos=0.3,font=Large] {$0$} node[pos=0.7,font=Large] {$0$};

 draw[thick] ([xshift=0.7em]mat1.north west) -| (mat1.south west) -- ++ (0.7em,0)

 ([xshift=-0.7em]mat1.north east) -| (mat1.south east) -- ++ (-0.7em,0);

 %

 begin{scope}[local bounding box=mat2]

  foreach X [remember=X as lastX (initially 0)] in {1,2,3}

  {path ([xshift=1em]mat1.east|-RlastX.north) --

  ([xshift=2.5em]mat1.east|-blastX) node[midway] (aX) {$a_{X}$};}

  path ([xshift=1em]mat1.east|-R4.north) --

  ([xshift=2.5em]mat1.east|-b4) node[midway] (aM) {$a_{M}$};

  node[below=0.5em of aM] (b) {$b$}; 

 end{scope}

 draw[thick] ([xshift=0.5em]mat2.north west) -| (mat2.south west) -- ++ 

 (0.5em,0)

 ([xshift=-0.5em]mat2.north east) -| (mat2.south east) -- ++ (-0.5em,0);

  foreach X in {0,...,4}

  {draw (mat2.west|-bX) -- (mat2.east|-bX);}

 %

 node[anchor=west] (eq) at (mat2.east|-mat1.center) {$=$};

 %

 begin{scope}[local bounding box=mat3]

  node[pattern=dots,anchor=north west,pattern color=yellow!60!orange,

  minimum height=6em] (f) at ([xshift=0.1em]eq.east|-F.north) {$f$}; 

  foreach X [remember=X as lastX (initially 0),

  evaluate=X as Y using {int(30*X+10)}] in {1,2,3}

  {fill[yellow!Y] ([xshift=0.1em]eq.east|-RlastX.north) rectangle

  (f.east|-blastX); }

  fill[yellow] ([xshift=0.1em]eq.east|-R4.north) rectangle

  (f.east|-b4); 

  draw[densely dotted] (f.center|-b2) -- (f.center|-b3);

 end{scope}

 foreach X in {0,...,4}

  {draw (mat3.west|-bX) -- (mat3.east|-bX);}

 draw[thick] ([xshift=0.3em]mat3.north west) -| (mat3.south west) -- ++ 

 (0.3em,0)

 ([xshift=-0.3em]mat3.north east) -| (mat3.south east) -- ++ (-0.3em,0);

end{tikzpicture}

end{document}