Special change of coordinates for 1-form












1














Consider the curve $C=Z(-x_1^5+x_0^{4}x_2-x_2^5) subset mathbb{P}^2$. Dehomogenize with respect to $x_2$ to obtain an irreducible affine curve $U_2=Z(-y^5+x^4-1)$. Notice that $C=U_2 cup P$ where $P$ is the point at infinity $(1:0:0)$. Define a 1-form on $U_2$:
begin{equation}
omega= frac{dx}{5y^4}=frac{dy}{4x^3}.
end{equation}

I want to study this differential form at the point $P$. With a change of coordinate $x=v^{-1}$, $y=uv^{-1}$, I need to express $omega$ at $P$ in terms of $du$ $textit{only}$ (multiplied by an appropriate non-vanishing rational function, as $u$ is a uniformising parameter in this context, if you are familiar with the notion) but when I try to calculate $du$ and $dv$ from $dx$ and $dy$, I inevitably obtain an expression that contains both $du$ and $dv$ and I don't know how to get rid of the $dv$. I would like to know whether I am miscalculating or there is another way to obtain that expression for $omega$.



Edit: if I try to write the first form $omega$ in terms of $u,v$ I get:



begin{equation}
frac{-(v^2dv)}{5u^{4}} = frac{-5u^4v^{2} du}{5u^4(1-5v^4)} = frac{-v^{2} du}{1-5v^4}
end{equation}

but this rational function vanishes at $P$ which should not happen.



My end goal is to write $omega = f u^n , du$ with $n in mathbb{Z}$ and $f$ a rational function with $f(P) neq 0$.










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  • What is the equation for $U_2$ in terms of $u$ and $v$? This should allow you to eliminate either $du$ or $dv$.
    – André 3000
    Nov 26 '18 at 15:46










  • Thanks for your reply. $-u^5+v-v^5$ but how does this help me eliminate the $dv$? Should I differentiate it?
    – Karl
    Nov 26 '18 at 16:03






  • 1




    $5u^4 du = (1-5v^4)dv$, so you can solve for $du$ in terms of $dv$ or vice versa.
    – André 3000
    Nov 26 '18 at 16:42






  • 1




    Your calculation looks correct. I even did the computation on a computer using Magma and it says that $omega$ has a zero of order $10$ at $P$. Why do you say this "should not happen"?
    – André 3000
    Nov 26 '18 at 19:04






  • 1




    Actually, here's a way to get it in the form you want. It suffices to write $v^2$ in the desired form since $1 - 5v^4$ doesn't vanish at $P$. Since $u^5 = v - v^5$, then $u^{10} = (v-v^5)^2 = v^2 - 2v^6 + v^{10} = v^2(1 - 2v^4 + v^6)$. Thus $v^2 = u^{10}/(1 - 2v^4 + v^6)$, as desired.
    – André 3000
    Nov 26 '18 at 21:30
















1














Consider the curve $C=Z(-x_1^5+x_0^{4}x_2-x_2^5) subset mathbb{P}^2$. Dehomogenize with respect to $x_2$ to obtain an irreducible affine curve $U_2=Z(-y^5+x^4-1)$. Notice that $C=U_2 cup P$ where $P$ is the point at infinity $(1:0:0)$. Define a 1-form on $U_2$:
begin{equation}
omega= frac{dx}{5y^4}=frac{dy}{4x^3}.
end{equation}

I want to study this differential form at the point $P$. With a change of coordinate $x=v^{-1}$, $y=uv^{-1}$, I need to express $omega$ at $P$ in terms of $du$ $textit{only}$ (multiplied by an appropriate non-vanishing rational function, as $u$ is a uniformising parameter in this context, if you are familiar with the notion) but when I try to calculate $du$ and $dv$ from $dx$ and $dy$, I inevitably obtain an expression that contains both $du$ and $dv$ and I don't know how to get rid of the $dv$. I would like to know whether I am miscalculating or there is another way to obtain that expression for $omega$.



Edit: if I try to write the first form $omega$ in terms of $u,v$ I get:



begin{equation}
frac{-(v^2dv)}{5u^{4}} = frac{-5u^4v^{2} du}{5u^4(1-5v^4)} = frac{-v^{2} du}{1-5v^4}
end{equation}

but this rational function vanishes at $P$ which should not happen.



My end goal is to write $omega = f u^n , du$ with $n in mathbb{Z}$ and $f$ a rational function with $f(P) neq 0$.










share|cite|improve this question
























  • What is the equation for $U_2$ in terms of $u$ and $v$? This should allow you to eliminate either $du$ or $dv$.
    – André 3000
    Nov 26 '18 at 15:46










  • Thanks for your reply. $-u^5+v-v^5$ but how does this help me eliminate the $dv$? Should I differentiate it?
    – Karl
    Nov 26 '18 at 16:03






  • 1




    $5u^4 du = (1-5v^4)dv$, so you can solve for $du$ in terms of $dv$ or vice versa.
    – André 3000
    Nov 26 '18 at 16:42






  • 1




    Your calculation looks correct. I even did the computation on a computer using Magma and it says that $omega$ has a zero of order $10$ at $P$. Why do you say this "should not happen"?
    – André 3000
    Nov 26 '18 at 19:04






  • 1




    Actually, here's a way to get it in the form you want. It suffices to write $v^2$ in the desired form since $1 - 5v^4$ doesn't vanish at $P$. Since $u^5 = v - v^5$, then $u^{10} = (v-v^5)^2 = v^2 - 2v^6 + v^{10} = v^2(1 - 2v^4 + v^6)$. Thus $v^2 = u^{10}/(1 - 2v^4 + v^6)$, as desired.
    – André 3000
    Nov 26 '18 at 21:30














1












1








1







Consider the curve $C=Z(-x_1^5+x_0^{4}x_2-x_2^5) subset mathbb{P}^2$. Dehomogenize with respect to $x_2$ to obtain an irreducible affine curve $U_2=Z(-y^5+x^4-1)$. Notice that $C=U_2 cup P$ where $P$ is the point at infinity $(1:0:0)$. Define a 1-form on $U_2$:
begin{equation}
omega= frac{dx}{5y^4}=frac{dy}{4x^3}.
end{equation}

I want to study this differential form at the point $P$. With a change of coordinate $x=v^{-1}$, $y=uv^{-1}$, I need to express $omega$ at $P$ in terms of $du$ $textit{only}$ (multiplied by an appropriate non-vanishing rational function, as $u$ is a uniformising parameter in this context, if you are familiar with the notion) but when I try to calculate $du$ and $dv$ from $dx$ and $dy$, I inevitably obtain an expression that contains both $du$ and $dv$ and I don't know how to get rid of the $dv$. I would like to know whether I am miscalculating or there is another way to obtain that expression for $omega$.



Edit: if I try to write the first form $omega$ in terms of $u,v$ I get:



begin{equation}
frac{-(v^2dv)}{5u^{4}} = frac{-5u^4v^{2} du}{5u^4(1-5v^4)} = frac{-v^{2} du}{1-5v^4}
end{equation}

but this rational function vanishes at $P$ which should not happen.



My end goal is to write $omega = f u^n , du$ with $n in mathbb{Z}$ and $f$ a rational function with $f(P) neq 0$.










share|cite|improve this question















Consider the curve $C=Z(-x_1^5+x_0^{4}x_2-x_2^5) subset mathbb{P}^2$. Dehomogenize with respect to $x_2$ to obtain an irreducible affine curve $U_2=Z(-y^5+x^4-1)$. Notice that $C=U_2 cup P$ where $P$ is the point at infinity $(1:0:0)$. Define a 1-form on $U_2$:
begin{equation}
omega= frac{dx}{5y^4}=frac{dy}{4x^3}.
end{equation}

I want to study this differential form at the point $P$. With a change of coordinate $x=v^{-1}$, $y=uv^{-1}$, I need to express $omega$ at $P$ in terms of $du$ $textit{only}$ (multiplied by an appropriate non-vanishing rational function, as $u$ is a uniformising parameter in this context, if you are familiar with the notion) but when I try to calculate $du$ and $dv$ from $dx$ and $dy$, I inevitably obtain an expression that contains both $du$ and $dv$ and I don't know how to get rid of the $dv$. I would like to know whether I am miscalculating or there is another way to obtain that expression for $omega$.



Edit: if I try to write the first form $omega$ in terms of $u,v$ I get:



begin{equation}
frac{-(v^2dv)}{5u^{4}} = frac{-5u^4v^{2} du}{5u^4(1-5v^4)} = frac{-v^{2} du}{1-5v^4}
end{equation}

but this rational function vanishes at $P$ which should not happen.



My end goal is to write $omega = f u^n , du$ with $n in mathbb{Z}$ and $f$ a rational function with $f(P) neq 0$.







geometry algebraic-geometry






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edited Nov 26 '18 at 22:05









André 3000

12.5k22042




12.5k22042










asked Nov 26 '18 at 14:01









Karl

366




366












  • What is the equation for $U_2$ in terms of $u$ and $v$? This should allow you to eliminate either $du$ or $dv$.
    – André 3000
    Nov 26 '18 at 15:46










  • Thanks for your reply. $-u^5+v-v^5$ but how does this help me eliminate the $dv$? Should I differentiate it?
    – Karl
    Nov 26 '18 at 16:03






  • 1




    $5u^4 du = (1-5v^4)dv$, so you can solve for $du$ in terms of $dv$ or vice versa.
    – André 3000
    Nov 26 '18 at 16:42






  • 1




    Your calculation looks correct. I even did the computation on a computer using Magma and it says that $omega$ has a zero of order $10$ at $P$. Why do you say this "should not happen"?
    – André 3000
    Nov 26 '18 at 19:04






  • 1




    Actually, here's a way to get it in the form you want. It suffices to write $v^2$ in the desired form since $1 - 5v^4$ doesn't vanish at $P$. Since $u^5 = v - v^5$, then $u^{10} = (v-v^5)^2 = v^2 - 2v^6 + v^{10} = v^2(1 - 2v^4 + v^6)$. Thus $v^2 = u^{10}/(1 - 2v^4 + v^6)$, as desired.
    – André 3000
    Nov 26 '18 at 21:30


















  • What is the equation for $U_2$ in terms of $u$ and $v$? This should allow you to eliminate either $du$ or $dv$.
    – André 3000
    Nov 26 '18 at 15:46










  • Thanks for your reply. $-u^5+v-v^5$ but how does this help me eliminate the $dv$? Should I differentiate it?
    – Karl
    Nov 26 '18 at 16:03






  • 1




    $5u^4 du = (1-5v^4)dv$, so you can solve for $du$ in terms of $dv$ or vice versa.
    – André 3000
    Nov 26 '18 at 16:42






  • 1




    Your calculation looks correct. I even did the computation on a computer using Magma and it says that $omega$ has a zero of order $10$ at $P$. Why do you say this "should not happen"?
    – André 3000
    Nov 26 '18 at 19:04






  • 1




    Actually, here's a way to get it in the form you want. It suffices to write $v^2$ in the desired form since $1 - 5v^4$ doesn't vanish at $P$. Since $u^5 = v - v^5$, then $u^{10} = (v-v^5)^2 = v^2 - 2v^6 + v^{10} = v^2(1 - 2v^4 + v^6)$. Thus $v^2 = u^{10}/(1 - 2v^4 + v^6)$, as desired.
    – André 3000
    Nov 26 '18 at 21:30
















What is the equation for $U_2$ in terms of $u$ and $v$? This should allow you to eliminate either $du$ or $dv$.
– André 3000
Nov 26 '18 at 15:46




What is the equation for $U_2$ in terms of $u$ and $v$? This should allow you to eliminate either $du$ or $dv$.
– André 3000
Nov 26 '18 at 15:46












Thanks for your reply. $-u^5+v-v^5$ but how does this help me eliminate the $dv$? Should I differentiate it?
– Karl
Nov 26 '18 at 16:03




Thanks for your reply. $-u^5+v-v^5$ but how does this help me eliminate the $dv$? Should I differentiate it?
– Karl
Nov 26 '18 at 16:03




1




1




$5u^4 du = (1-5v^4)dv$, so you can solve for $du$ in terms of $dv$ or vice versa.
– André 3000
Nov 26 '18 at 16:42




$5u^4 du = (1-5v^4)dv$, so you can solve for $du$ in terms of $dv$ or vice versa.
– André 3000
Nov 26 '18 at 16:42




1




1




Your calculation looks correct. I even did the computation on a computer using Magma and it says that $omega$ has a zero of order $10$ at $P$. Why do you say this "should not happen"?
– André 3000
Nov 26 '18 at 19:04




Your calculation looks correct. I even did the computation on a computer using Magma and it says that $omega$ has a zero of order $10$ at $P$. Why do you say this "should not happen"?
– André 3000
Nov 26 '18 at 19:04




1




1




Actually, here's a way to get it in the form you want. It suffices to write $v^2$ in the desired form since $1 - 5v^4$ doesn't vanish at $P$. Since $u^5 = v - v^5$, then $u^{10} = (v-v^5)^2 = v^2 - 2v^6 + v^{10} = v^2(1 - 2v^4 + v^6)$. Thus $v^2 = u^{10}/(1 - 2v^4 + v^6)$, as desired.
– André 3000
Nov 26 '18 at 21:30




Actually, here's a way to get it in the form you want. It suffices to write $v^2$ in the desired form since $1 - 5v^4$ doesn't vanish at $P$. Since $u^5 = v - v^5$, then $u^{10} = (v-v^5)^2 = v^2 - 2v^6 + v^{10} = v^2(1 - 2v^4 + v^6)$. Thus $v^2 = u^{10}/(1 - 2v^4 + v^6)$, as desired.
– André 3000
Nov 26 '18 at 21:30










1 Answer
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Here's a summary of the comments.



Rewriting the equations for $U_2$ in terms of $u$ and $v$, we find
$$
left(frac{u}{v}right)^5 = frac{1}{v^4} - 1 implies u^5 = v - v^5
$$

and thus obtain an affine curve $U: u^5 = v - v^5$. Since $x = X_0/X_2$ and $y = X_1/X_2$, then
$$
v = frac{1}{x} = frac{X_2}{X_0} quad text{and} quad u = yv = frac{y}{x} = frac{X_1}{X_0}
$$

so $P = (1:0:0)$ corresponds to $(u,v) = (0,0)$. In $(u,v)$ coordinates, $omega$ transforms into
$$
omega = frac{dx}{5y^4} = frac{d(1/v)}{5(u/v)^4} = frac{-frac{1}{v^2} dv}{5 frac{u^4}{v^4}} = -frac{v^2}{5 u^4} dv
$$

Differentiating the equation for $U$, we find $5u^4 du = dv - 5v^4 dv = (1-5v^4)dv$, so
$$
dv = frac{5u^4}{1 - 5 v^4} du , .
$$

Thus
$$
omega = -frac{v^2}{5 u^4} frac{5u^4}{1 - 5 v^4} du = -frac{v^2}{1 - 5 v^4} du , .
$$

Let $DeclareMathOperator{m}{mathfrak{m}} m = (u,v)$ be the maximal ideal of the local ring at $P$ (so $m = (u)$ since $u$ is a uniformizer at $P$), and let $newcommand{ord}{operatorname{ord}_P} ord$ be the associated discrete valuation (the order of vanishing). Since $v = u^5 + v^5$, we see that $v in m^5$, so $ord(v) geq 5$. Then $ord(v^5) geq 25$ and since $ord(u^5) = 5$, then $ord(u^5) neq ord(v^5)$, and hence
$$
ord(v) = min{ord(u^5), ord(v^5)} = 5
$$

by properties of discrete valuations (see here). Thus $v^2$ has valuation $10$, so $v^2$ and $u^{10}$ differ multiplicatively by a unit. To find this unit, we square the equation for $U$:
begin{align*}
u^{10} = (v - v^5)^2 = v^2 - 2v^6 + v^{10} = v^2(1 - 2v^4 + v^8)
end{align*}

and find that $v^2 = frac{u^{10}}{1 - 2v^4 + v^8}$. Thus
$$
omega = -frac{v^2}{1 - 5 v^4} du = -frac{frac{u^{10}}{1 - 2v^4 + v^8}}{1 - 5 v^4} du = -frac{1}{(1 - 2v^4 + v^8)(1 - 5 v^4)} u^{10} , du
$$

as desired.






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    0














    Here's a summary of the comments.



    Rewriting the equations for $U_2$ in terms of $u$ and $v$, we find
    $$
    left(frac{u}{v}right)^5 = frac{1}{v^4} - 1 implies u^5 = v - v^5
    $$

    and thus obtain an affine curve $U: u^5 = v - v^5$. Since $x = X_0/X_2$ and $y = X_1/X_2$, then
    $$
    v = frac{1}{x} = frac{X_2}{X_0} quad text{and} quad u = yv = frac{y}{x} = frac{X_1}{X_0}
    $$

    so $P = (1:0:0)$ corresponds to $(u,v) = (0,0)$. In $(u,v)$ coordinates, $omega$ transforms into
    $$
    omega = frac{dx}{5y^4} = frac{d(1/v)}{5(u/v)^4} = frac{-frac{1}{v^2} dv}{5 frac{u^4}{v^4}} = -frac{v^2}{5 u^4} dv
    $$

    Differentiating the equation for $U$, we find $5u^4 du = dv - 5v^4 dv = (1-5v^4)dv$, so
    $$
    dv = frac{5u^4}{1 - 5 v^4} du , .
    $$

    Thus
    $$
    omega = -frac{v^2}{5 u^4} frac{5u^4}{1 - 5 v^4} du = -frac{v^2}{1 - 5 v^4} du , .
    $$

    Let $DeclareMathOperator{m}{mathfrak{m}} m = (u,v)$ be the maximal ideal of the local ring at $P$ (so $m = (u)$ since $u$ is a uniformizer at $P$), and let $newcommand{ord}{operatorname{ord}_P} ord$ be the associated discrete valuation (the order of vanishing). Since $v = u^5 + v^5$, we see that $v in m^5$, so $ord(v) geq 5$. Then $ord(v^5) geq 25$ and since $ord(u^5) = 5$, then $ord(u^5) neq ord(v^5)$, and hence
    $$
    ord(v) = min{ord(u^5), ord(v^5)} = 5
    $$

    by properties of discrete valuations (see here). Thus $v^2$ has valuation $10$, so $v^2$ and $u^{10}$ differ multiplicatively by a unit. To find this unit, we square the equation for $U$:
    begin{align*}
    u^{10} = (v - v^5)^2 = v^2 - 2v^6 + v^{10} = v^2(1 - 2v^4 + v^8)
    end{align*}

    and find that $v^2 = frac{u^{10}}{1 - 2v^4 + v^8}$. Thus
    $$
    omega = -frac{v^2}{1 - 5 v^4} du = -frac{frac{u^{10}}{1 - 2v^4 + v^8}}{1 - 5 v^4} du = -frac{1}{(1 - 2v^4 + v^8)(1 - 5 v^4)} u^{10} , du
    $$

    as desired.






    share|cite|improve this answer




























      0














      Here's a summary of the comments.



      Rewriting the equations for $U_2$ in terms of $u$ and $v$, we find
      $$
      left(frac{u}{v}right)^5 = frac{1}{v^4} - 1 implies u^5 = v - v^5
      $$

      and thus obtain an affine curve $U: u^5 = v - v^5$. Since $x = X_0/X_2$ and $y = X_1/X_2$, then
      $$
      v = frac{1}{x} = frac{X_2}{X_0} quad text{and} quad u = yv = frac{y}{x} = frac{X_1}{X_0}
      $$

      so $P = (1:0:0)$ corresponds to $(u,v) = (0,0)$. In $(u,v)$ coordinates, $omega$ transforms into
      $$
      omega = frac{dx}{5y^4} = frac{d(1/v)}{5(u/v)^4} = frac{-frac{1}{v^2} dv}{5 frac{u^4}{v^4}} = -frac{v^2}{5 u^4} dv
      $$

      Differentiating the equation for $U$, we find $5u^4 du = dv - 5v^4 dv = (1-5v^4)dv$, so
      $$
      dv = frac{5u^4}{1 - 5 v^4} du , .
      $$

      Thus
      $$
      omega = -frac{v^2}{5 u^4} frac{5u^4}{1 - 5 v^4} du = -frac{v^2}{1 - 5 v^4} du , .
      $$

      Let $DeclareMathOperator{m}{mathfrak{m}} m = (u,v)$ be the maximal ideal of the local ring at $P$ (so $m = (u)$ since $u$ is a uniformizer at $P$), and let $newcommand{ord}{operatorname{ord}_P} ord$ be the associated discrete valuation (the order of vanishing). Since $v = u^5 + v^5$, we see that $v in m^5$, so $ord(v) geq 5$. Then $ord(v^5) geq 25$ and since $ord(u^5) = 5$, then $ord(u^5) neq ord(v^5)$, and hence
      $$
      ord(v) = min{ord(u^5), ord(v^5)} = 5
      $$

      by properties of discrete valuations (see here). Thus $v^2$ has valuation $10$, so $v^2$ and $u^{10}$ differ multiplicatively by a unit. To find this unit, we square the equation for $U$:
      begin{align*}
      u^{10} = (v - v^5)^2 = v^2 - 2v^6 + v^{10} = v^2(1 - 2v^4 + v^8)
      end{align*}

      and find that $v^2 = frac{u^{10}}{1 - 2v^4 + v^8}$. Thus
      $$
      omega = -frac{v^2}{1 - 5 v^4} du = -frac{frac{u^{10}}{1 - 2v^4 + v^8}}{1 - 5 v^4} du = -frac{1}{(1 - 2v^4 + v^8)(1 - 5 v^4)} u^{10} , du
      $$

      as desired.






      share|cite|improve this answer


























        0












        0








        0






        Here's a summary of the comments.



        Rewriting the equations for $U_2$ in terms of $u$ and $v$, we find
        $$
        left(frac{u}{v}right)^5 = frac{1}{v^4} - 1 implies u^5 = v - v^5
        $$

        and thus obtain an affine curve $U: u^5 = v - v^5$. Since $x = X_0/X_2$ and $y = X_1/X_2$, then
        $$
        v = frac{1}{x} = frac{X_2}{X_0} quad text{and} quad u = yv = frac{y}{x} = frac{X_1}{X_0}
        $$

        so $P = (1:0:0)$ corresponds to $(u,v) = (0,0)$. In $(u,v)$ coordinates, $omega$ transforms into
        $$
        omega = frac{dx}{5y^4} = frac{d(1/v)}{5(u/v)^4} = frac{-frac{1}{v^2} dv}{5 frac{u^4}{v^4}} = -frac{v^2}{5 u^4} dv
        $$

        Differentiating the equation for $U$, we find $5u^4 du = dv - 5v^4 dv = (1-5v^4)dv$, so
        $$
        dv = frac{5u^4}{1 - 5 v^4} du , .
        $$

        Thus
        $$
        omega = -frac{v^2}{5 u^4} frac{5u^4}{1 - 5 v^4} du = -frac{v^2}{1 - 5 v^4} du , .
        $$

        Let $DeclareMathOperator{m}{mathfrak{m}} m = (u,v)$ be the maximal ideal of the local ring at $P$ (so $m = (u)$ since $u$ is a uniformizer at $P$), and let $newcommand{ord}{operatorname{ord}_P} ord$ be the associated discrete valuation (the order of vanishing). Since $v = u^5 + v^5$, we see that $v in m^5$, so $ord(v) geq 5$. Then $ord(v^5) geq 25$ and since $ord(u^5) = 5$, then $ord(u^5) neq ord(v^5)$, and hence
        $$
        ord(v) = min{ord(u^5), ord(v^5)} = 5
        $$

        by properties of discrete valuations (see here). Thus $v^2$ has valuation $10$, so $v^2$ and $u^{10}$ differ multiplicatively by a unit. To find this unit, we square the equation for $U$:
        begin{align*}
        u^{10} = (v - v^5)^2 = v^2 - 2v^6 + v^{10} = v^2(1 - 2v^4 + v^8)
        end{align*}

        and find that $v^2 = frac{u^{10}}{1 - 2v^4 + v^8}$. Thus
        $$
        omega = -frac{v^2}{1 - 5 v^4} du = -frac{frac{u^{10}}{1 - 2v^4 + v^8}}{1 - 5 v^4} du = -frac{1}{(1 - 2v^4 + v^8)(1 - 5 v^4)} u^{10} , du
        $$

        as desired.






        share|cite|improve this answer














        Here's a summary of the comments.



        Rewriting the equations for $U_2$ in terms of $u$ and $v$, we find
        $$
        left(frac{u}{v}right)^5 = frac{1}{v^4} - 1 implies u^5 = v - v^5
        $$

        and thus obtain an affine curve $U: u^5 = v - v^5$. Since $x = X_0/X_2$ and $y = X_1/X_2$, then
        $$
        v = frac{1}{x} = frac{X_2}{X_0} quad text{and} quad u = yv = frac{y}{x} = frac{X_1}{X_0}
        $$

        so $P = (1:0:0)$ corresponds to $(u,v) = (0,0)$. In $(u,v)$ coordinates, $omega$ transforms into
        $$
        omega = frac{dx}{5y^4} = frac{d(1/v)}{5(u/v)^4} = frac{-frac{1}{v^2} dv}{5 frac{u^4}{v^4}} = -frac{v^2}{5 u^4} dv
        $$

        Differentiating the equation for $U$, we find $5u^4 du = dv - 5v^4 dv = (1-5v^4)dv$, so
        $$
        dv = frac{5u^4}{1 - 5 v^4} du , .
        $$

        Thus
        $$
        omega = -frac{v^2}{5 u^4} frac{5u^4}{1 - 5 v^4} du = -frac{v^2}{1 - 5 v^4} du , .
        $$

        Let $DeclareMathOperator{m}{mathfrak{m}} m = (u,v)$ be the maximal ideal of the local ring at $P$ (so $m = (u)$ since $u$ is a uniformizer at $P$), and let $newcommand{ord}{operatorname{ord}_P} ord$ be the associated discrete valuation (the order of vanishing). Since $v = u^5 + v^5$, we see that $v in m^5$, so $ord(v) geq 5$. Then $ord(v^5) geq 25$ and since $ord(u^5) = 5$, then $ord(u^5) neq ord(v^5)$, and hence
        $$
        ord(v) = min{ord(u^5), ord(v^5)} = 5
        $$

        by properties of discrete valuations (see here). Thus $v^2$ has valuation $10$, so $v^2$ and $u^{10}$ differ multiplicatively by a unit. To find this unit, we square the equation for $U$:
        begin{align*}
        u^{10} = (v - v^5)^2 = v^2 - 2v^6 + v^{10} = v^2(1 - 2v^4 + v^8)
        end{align*}

        and find that $v^2 = frac{u^{10}}{1 - 2v^4 + v^8}$. Thus
        $$
        omega = -frac{v^2}{1 - 5 v^4} du = -frac{frac{u^{10}}{1 - 2v^4 + v^8}}{1 - 5 v^4} du = -frac{1}{(1 - 2v^4 + v^8)(1 - 5 v^4)} u^{10} , du
        $$

        as desired.







        share|cite|improve this answer














        share|cite|improve this answer



        share|cite|improve this answer








        edited Nov 26 '18 at 22:21

























        answered Nov 26 '18 at 21:58









        André 3000

        12.5k22042




        12.5k22042






























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