Show that $ left| f- sum_{k=1}^N c_kv_k right|^2 $ can be written as…











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Let $mathcal{H}$ denote a separable Hilbert space, with orthonormal basis ${v_k}_{k=1}^infty$. Let $N in mathbb{N}$, and consider the subspace $M := text{span} {v_k}_{k=1}^infty$.



Show that for any $f in mathcal{H}$ and any coefficients $c_1,...,c_N in mathbb{C}$,
begin{equation*}
left| f- sum_{k=1}^N c_kv_k right|^2 = sum_{k=1}^N |c_k - langle f,v_k rangle |^2 + sum_{k=N+1}^infty |langle f,v_k rangle |^2
end{equation*}



My attempt so far
begin{align}
left| f- sum_{k=1}^N c_kv_k right|^2 & = leftlangle f- sum_{k=1}^N c_kv_k, f- sum_{k=1}^N c_kv_k rightrangle \
& = leftlangle f, f- sum_{k=1}^N c_kv_k rightrangle -sum_{k=1}^N c_k leftlangle v_k, f- sum_{k=1}^N c_kv_k rightrangle \
& = langle f,f rangle - sum_{k=1}^N overline{c}_k langle f,v_k rangle - sum_{k=1}^N overline{c}_k langle v_k,f rangle + sum_{k=1}^N sum_{l=1}^N overline{c}_l c_k langle v_k,v_l rangle
end{align}
I'm not really sure if I'm on the right track. Can somebody help me with the next step. Thanks.










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  • By the definition of an orthonormal basis, there exists a sequence $ (lambda_{k})_{k in mathbb{N}} in {ell^{2}}(mathbb{N}) $ such that $$ lim_{n to infty} left| f - sum_{k = 1}^{n} lambda_{k} v_{k} right|_{mathcal{H}} = 0. $$
    – Berrick Caleb Fillmore
    Sep 18 '16 at 19:24








  • 1




    Hint: Use Parseval’s Identity.
    – Transcendental
    Sep 19 '16 at 3:16















up vote
1
down vote

favorite












Let $mathcal{H}$ denote a separable Hilbert space, with orthonormal basis ${v_k}_{k=1}^infty$. Let $N in mathbb{N}$, and consider the subspace $M := text{span} {v_k}_{k=1}^infty$.



Show that for any $f in mathcal{H}$ and any coefficients $c_1,...,c_N in mathbb{C}$,
begin{equation*}
left| f- sum_{k=1}^N c_kv_k right|^2 = sum_{k=1}^N |c_k - langle f,v_k rangle |^2 + sum_{k=N+1}^infty |langle f,v_k rangle |^2
end{equation*}



My attempt so far
begin{align}
left| f- sum_{k=1}^N c_kv_k right|^2 & = leftlangle f- sum_{k=1}^N c_kv_k, f- sum_{k=1}^N c_kv_k rightrangle \
& = leftlangle f, f- sum_{k=1}^N c_kv_k rightrangle -sum_{k=1}^N c_k leftlangle v_k, f- sum_{k=1}^N c_kv_k rightrangle \
& = langle f,f rangle - sum_{k=1}^N overline{c}_k langle f,v_k rangle - sum_{k=1}^N overline{c}_k langle v_k,f rangle + sum_{k=1}^N sum_{l=1}^N overline{c}_l c_k langle v_k,v_l rangle
end{align}
I'm not really sure if I'm on the right track. Can somebody help me with the next step. Thanks.










share|cite|improve this question
























  • By the definition of an orthonormal basis, there exists a sequence $ (lambda_{k})_{k in mathbb{N}} in {ell^{2}}(mathbb{N}) $ such that $$ lim_{n to infty} left| f - sum_{k = 1}^{n} lambda_{k} v_{k} right|_{mathcal{H}} = 0. $$
    – Berrick Caleb Fillmore
    Sep 18 '16 at 19:24








  • 1




    Hint: Use Parseval’s Identity.
    – Transcendental
    Sep 19 '16 at 3:16













up vote
1
down vote

favorite









up vote
1
down vote

favorite











Let $mathcal{H}$ denote a separable Hilbert space, with orthonormal basis ${v_k}_{k=1}^infty$. Let $N in mathbb{N}$, and consider the subspace $M := text{span} {v_k}_{k=1}^infty$.



Show that for any $f in mathcal{H}$ and any coefficients $c_1,...,c_N in mathbb{C}$,
begin{equation*}
left| f- sum_{k=1}^N c_kv_k right|^2 = sum_{k=1}^N |c_k - langle f,v_k rangle |^2 + sum_{k=N+1}^infty |langle f,v_k rangle |^2
end{equation*}



My attempt so far
begin{align}
left| f- sum_{k=1}^N c_kv_k right|^2 & = leftlangle f- sum_{k=1}^N c_kv_k, f- sum_{k=1}^N c_kv_k rightrangle \
& = leftlangle f, f- sum_{k=1}^N c_kv_k rightrangle -sum_{k=1}^N c_k leftlangle v_k, f- sum_{k=1}^N c_kv_k rightrangle \
& = langle f,f rangle - sum_{k=1}^N overline{c}_k langle f,v_k rangle - sum_{k=1}^N overline{c}_k langle v_k,f rangle + sum_{k=1}^N sum_{l=1}^N overline{c}_l c_k langle v_k,v_l rangle
end{align}
I'm not really sure if I'm on the right track. Can somebody help me with the next step. Thanks.










share|cite|improve this question















Let $mathcal{H}$ denote a separable Hilbert space, with orthonormal basis ${v_k}_{k=1}^infty$. Let $N in mathbb{N}$, and consider the subspace $M := text{span} {v_k}_{k=1}^infty$.



Show that for any $f in mathcal{H}$ and any coefficients $c_1,...,c_N in mathbb{C}$,
begin{equation*}
left| f- sum_{k=1}^N c_kv_k right|^2 = sum_{k=1}^N |c_k - langle f,v_k rangle |^2 + sum_{k=N+1}^infty |langle f,v_k rangle |^2
end{equation*}



My attempt so far
begin{align}
left| f- sum_{k=1}^N c_kv_k right|^2 & = leftlangle f- sum_{k=1}^N c_kv_k, f- sum_{k=1}^N c_kv_k rightrangle \
& = leftlangle f, f- sum_{k=1}^N c_kv_k rightrangle -sum_{k=1}^N c_k leftlangle v_k, f- sum_{k=1}^N c_kv_k rightrangle \
& = langle f,f rangle - sum_{k=1}^N overline{c}_k langle f,v_k rangle - sum_{k=1}^N overline{c}_k langle v_k,f rangle + sum_{k=1}^N sum_{l=1}^N overline{c}_l c_k langle v_k,v_l rangle
end{align}
I'm not really sure if I'm on the right track. Can somebody help me with the next step. Thanks.







hilbert-spaces norm inner-product-space






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edited Sep 18 '16 at 20:17

























asked Sep 18 '16 at 19:12









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  • By the definition of an orthonormal basis, there exists a sequence $ (lambda_{k})_{k in mathbb{N}} in {ell^{2}}(mathbb{N}) $ such that $$ lim_{n to infty} left| f - sum_{k = 1}^{n} lambda_{k} v_{k} right|_{mathcal{H}} = 0. $$
    – Berrick Caleb Fillmore
    Sep 18 '16 at 19:24








  • 1




    Hint: Use Parseval’s Identity.
    – Transcendental
    Sep 19 '16 at 3:16


















  • By the definition of an orthonormal basis, there exists a sequence $ (lambda_{k})_{k in mathbb{N}} in {ell^{2}}(mathbb{N}) $ such that $$ lim_{n to infty} left| f - sum_{k = 1}^{n} lambda_{k} v_{k} right|_{mathcal{H}} = 0. $$
    – Berrick Caleb Fillmore
    Sep 18 '16 at 19:24








  • 1




    Hint: Use Parseval’s Identity.
    – Transcendental
    Sep 19 '16 at 3:16
















By the definition of an orthonormal basis, there exists a sequence $ (lambda_{k})_{k in mathbb{N}} in {ell^{2}}(mathbb{N}) $ such that $$ lim_{n to infty} left| f - sum_{k = 1}^{n} lambda_{k} v_{k} right|_{mathcal{H}} = 0. $$
– Berrick Caleb Fillmore
Sep 18 '16 at 19:24






By the definition of an orthonormal basis, there exists a sequence $ (lambda_{k})_{k in mathbb{N}} in {ell^{2}}(mathbb{N}) $ such that $$ lim_{n to infty} left| f - sum_{k = 1}^{n} lambda_{k} v_{k} right|_{mathcal{H}} = 0. $$
– Berrick Caleb Fillmore
Sep 18 '16 at 19:24






1




1




Hint: Use Parseval’s Identity.
– Transcendental
Sep 19 '16 at 3:16




Hint: Use Parseval’s Identity.
– Transcendental
Sep 19 '16 at 3:16










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Since ${v_k}_{k=1}^infty$ is an orthonormal basis of $mathcal H$, Parseval's identity shows that for any vector $u$, the following equality holds:
$$
leftlVert urightrVert^2=sum_{k=1}^{+infty}leftlvert leftlangle u,v_krightranglerightrvert^2.
$$

Apply this to $u:= f-sum_{i=1}^N c_iv_i$. Then for all $kgeqslant 1$,
$$
leftlangle u,v_krightrangle=leftlangle f,v_krightrangle
-sum_{i=1}^N c_ileftlangle v_i,v_krightrangle.
$$

If $1leqslant kleqslant N$, then $sum_{i=1}^N c_ileftlangle v_i,v_krightrangle=c_k$ hence $leftlvert leftlangle u,v_krightranglerightrvert^2=leftlvert leftlangle f,v_krightrangle-c_krightrvert^2$ and if $kgeqslant N+1$, then $sum_{i=1}^N c_ileftlangle v_i,v_krightrangle=0$ hence
$leftlvert leftlangle u,v_krightranglerightrvert^2=leftlvert leftlangle f,v_krightrangle rightrvert^2$.






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    Since ${v_k}_{k=1}^infty$ is an orthonormal basis of $mathcal H$, Parseval's identity shows that for any vector $u$, the following equality holds:
    $$
    leftlVert urightrVert^2=sum_{k=1}^{+infty}leftlvert leftlangle u,v_krightranglerightrvert^2.
    $$

    Apply this to $u:= f-sum_{i=1}^N c_iv_i$. Then for all $kgeqslant 1$,
    $$
    leftlangle u,v_krightrangle=leftlangle f,v_krightrangle
    -sum_{i=1}^N c_ileftlangle v_i,v_krightrangle.
    $$

    If $1leqslant kleqslant N$, then $sum_{i=1}^N c_ileftlangle v_i,v_krightrangle=c_k$ hence $leftlvert leftlangle u,v_krightranglerightrvert^2=leftlvert leftlangle f,v_krightrangle-c_krightrvert^2$ and if $kgeqslant N+1$, then $sum_{i=1}^N c_ileftlangle v_i,v_krightrangle=0$ hence
    $leftlvert leftlangle u,v_krightranglerightrvert^2=leftlvert leftlangle f,v_krightrangle rightrvert^2$.






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      Since ${v_k}_{k=1}^infty$ is an orthonormal basis of $mathcal H$, Parseval's identity shows that for any vector $u$, the following equality holds:
      $$
      leftlVert urightrVert^2=sum_{k=1}^{+infty}leftlvert leftlangle u,v_krightranglerightrvert^2.
      $$

      Apply this to $u:= f-sum_{i=1}^N c_iv_i$. Then for all $kgeqslant 1$,
      $$
      leftlangle u,v_krightrangle=leftlangle f,v_krightrangle
      -sum_{i=1}^N c_ileftlangle v_i,v_krightrangle.
      $$

      If $1leqslant kleqslant N$, then $sum_{i=1}^N c_ileftlangle v_i,v_krightrangle=c_k$ hence $leftlvert leftlangle u,v_krightranglerightrvert^2=leftlvert leftlangle f,v_krightrangle-c_krightrvert^2$ and if $kgeqslant N+1$, then $sum_{i=1}^N c_ileftlangle v_i,v_krightrangle=0$ hence
      $leftlvert leftlangle u,v_krightranglerightrvert^2=leftlvert leftlangle f,v_krightrangle rightrvert^2$.






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        up vote
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        Since ${v_k}_{k=1}^infty$ is an orthonormal basis of $mathcal H$, Parseval's identity shows that for any vector $u$, the following equality holds:
        $$
        leftlVert urightrVert^2=sum_{k=1}^{+infty}leftlvert leftlangle u,v_krightranglerightrvert^2.
        $$

        Apply this to $u:= f-sum_{i=1}^N c_iv_i$. Then for all $kgeqslant 1$,
        $$
        leftlangle u,v_krightrangle=leftlangle f,v_krightrangle
        -sum_{i=1}^N c_ileftlangle v_i,v_krightrangle.
        $$

        If $1leqslant kleqslant N$, then $sum_{i=1}^N c_ileftlangle v_i,v_krightrangle=c_k$ hence $leftlvert leftlangle u,v_krightranglerightrvert^2=leftlvert leftlangle f,v_krightrangle-c_krightrvert^2$ and if $kgeqslant N+1$, then $sum_{i=1}^N c_ileftlangle v_i,v_krightrangle=0$ hence
        $leftlvert leftlangle u,v_krightranglerightrvert^2=leftlvert leftlangle f,v_krightrangle rightrvert^2$.






        share|cite|improve this answer












        Since ${v_k}_{k=1}^infty$ is an orthonormal basis of $mathcal H$, Parseval's identity shows that for any vector $u$, the following equality holds:
        $$
        leftlVert urightrVert^2=sum_{k=1}^{+infty}leftlvert leftlangle u,v_krightranglerightrvert^2.
        $$

        Apply this to $u:= f-sum_{i=1}^N c_iv_i$. Then for all $kgeqslant 1$,
        $$
        leftlangle u,v_krightrangle=leftlangle f,v_krightrangle
        -sum_{i=1}^N c_ileftlangle v_i,v_krightrangle.
        $$

        If $1leqslant kleqslant N$, then $sum_{i=1}^N c_ileftlangle v_i,v_krightrangle=c_k$ hence $leftlvert leftlangle u,v_krightranglerightrvert^2=leftlvert leftlangle f,v_krightrangle-c_krightrvert^2$ and if $kgeqslant N+1$, then $sum_{i=1}^N c_ileftlangle v_i,v_krightrangle=0$ hence
        $leftlvert leftlangle u,v_krightranglerightrvert^2=leftlvert leftlangle f,v_krightrangle rightrvert^2$.







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        answered Nov 14 at 10:33









        Davide Giraudo

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