Tangents parallel to one another and finding the perpendicular of a vector function
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We have
$$x(t)=
begin{pmatrix}
1+t \
t^2-t \
1-t^2 \
end{pmatrix}$$
Part 1
Are there $2$ points $x(t_1)$, $x(t_2)$, such that the function’s tangent vectors
at these points are parallel to each other? Find such points, or show that none
exist.
$$x'(t)=
begin{pmatrix}
1 \
2t-1 \
-2t\
end{pmatrix}$$
I tried to search online but how can I prove that they are parallel to each other if I can't even find the points? I got stumped at $2t^2-2t+1=0$
Basically I get a negative in a square root. And that would lead to no solution for t. My answer is wrong... or is the answer scheme wrong?
Part 2
Given the point $x(2)$, is there a second point such that the tangent
vectors are perpendicular to each other? Find such a point or show that it
doesn’t exist.
How can I find the second point? And to prove that they are perpendicular do I have to differentiate twice?
I would appreciate some guidance.
calculus functional-analysis derivatives vectors vector-analysis
|
show 3 more comments
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0
down vote
favorite
We have
$$x(t)=
begin{pmatrix}
1+t \
t^2-t \
1-t^2 \
end{pmatrix}$$
Part 1
Are there $2$ points $x(t_1)$, $x(t_2)$, such that the function’s tangent vectors
at these points are parallel to each other? Find such points, or show that none
exist.
$$x'(t)=
begin{pmatrix}
1 \
2t-1 \
-2t\
end{pmatrix}$$
I tried to search online but how can I prove that they are parallel to each other if I can't even find the points? I got stumped at $2t^2-2t+1=0$
Basically I get a negative in a square root. And that would lead to no solution for t. My answer is wrong... or is the answer scheme wrong?
Part 2
Given the point $x(2)$, is there a second point such that the tangent
vectors are perpendicular to each other? Find such a point or show that it
doesn’t exist.
How can I find the second point? And to prove that they are perpendicular do I have to differentiate twice?
I would appreciate some guidance.
calculus functional-analysis derivatives vectors vector-analysis
How did you end up with that quadratic equation?
– amd
22 hours ago
Have you tried using the fact that two vectors are parallel if $v_1=lambda v_2$ for some $lambda$.
– memerson
21 hours ago
@amd Idk the word for it in english. I first found the magnitude(?) from the function. Then I Just simplified it.
– Naochi
21 hours ago
@memerson I did not know you could do that! I will give it a go.
– Naochi
21 hours ago
1
@memerson Since we’re in $mathbb R^3$ we can avoid introducing an extraneous variable by instead using $v_1times v_2=0$ as the condition for parallelism, which produces two independent equations.
– amd
9 hours ago
|
show 3 more comments
up vote
0
down vote
favorite
up vote
0
down vote
favorite
We have
$$x(t)=
begin{pmatrix}
1+t \
t^2-t \
1-t^2 \
end{pmatrix}$$
Part 1
Are there $2$ points $x(t_1)$, $x(t_2)$, such that the function’s tangent vectors
at these points are parallel to each other? Find such points, or show that none
exist.
$$x'(t)=
begin{pmatrix}
1 \
2t-1 \
-2t\
end{pmatrix}$$
I tried to search online but how can I prove that they are parallel to each other if I can't even find the points? I got stumped at $2t^2-2t+1=0$
Basically I get a negative in a square root. And that would lead to no solution for t. My answer is wrong... or is the answer scheme wrong?
Part 2
Given the point $x(2)$, is there a second point such that the tangent
vectors are perpendicular to each other? Find such a point or show that it
doesn’t exist.
How can I find the second point? And to prove that they are perpendicular do I have to differentiate twice?
I would appreciate some guidance.
calculus functional-analysis derivatives vectors vector-analysis
We have
$$x(t)=
begin{pmatrix}
1+t \
t^2-t \
1-t^2 \
end{pmatrix}$$
Part 1
Are there $2$ points $x(t_1)$, $x(t_2)$, such that the function’s tangent vectors
at these points are parallel to each other? Find such points, or show that none
exist.
$$x'(t)=
begin{pmatrix}
1 \
2t-1 \
-2t\
end{pmatrix}$$
I tried to search online but how can I prove that they are parallel to each other if I can't even find the points? I got stumped at $2t^2-2t+1=0$
Basically I get a negative in a square root. And that would lead to no solution for t. My answer is wrong... or is the answer scheme wrong?
Part 2
Given the point $x(2)$, is there a second point such that the tangent
vectors are perpendicular to each other? Find such a point or show that it
doesn’t exist.
How can I find the second point? And to prove that they are perpendicular do I have to differentiate twice?
I would appreciate some guidance.
calculus functional-analysis derivatives vectors vector-analysis
calculus functional-analysis derivatives vectors vector-analysis
edited 20 hours ago
Ng Chung Tak
13.5k31234
13.5k31234
asked 22 hours ago
Naochi
346
346
How did you end up with that quadratic equation?
– amd
22 hours ago
Have you tried using the fact that two vectors are parallel if $v_1=lambda v_2$ for some $lambda$.
– memerson
21 hours ago
@amd Idk the word for it in english. I first found the magnitude(?) from the function. Then I Just simplified it.
– Naochi
21 hours ago
@memerson I did not know you could do that! I will give it a go.
– Naochi
21 hours ago
1
@memerson Since we’re in $mathbb R^3$ we can avoid introducing an extraneous variable by instead using $v_1times v_2=0$ as the condition for parallelism, which produces two independent equations.
– amd
9 hours ago
|
show 3 more comments
How did you end up with that quadratic equation?
– amd
22 hours ago
Have you tried using the fact that two vectors are parallel if $v_1=lambda v_2$ for some $lambda$.
– memerson
21 hours ago
@amd Idk the word for it in english. I first found the magnitude(?) from the function. Then I Just simplified it.
– Naochi
21 hours ago
@memerson I did not know you could do that! I will give it a go.
– Naochi
21 hours ago
1
@memerson Since we’re in $mathbb R^3$ we can avoid introducing an extraneous variable by instead using $v_1times v_2=0$ as the condition for parallelism, which produces two independent equations.
– amd
9 hours ago
How did you end up with that quadratic equation?
– amd
22 hours ago
How did you end up with that quadratic equation?
– amd
22 hours ago
Have you tried using the fact that two vectors are parallel if $v_1=lambda v_2$ for some $lambda$.
– memerson
21 hours ago
Have you tried using the fact that two vectors are parallel if $v_1=lambda v_2$ for some $lambda$.
– memerson
21 hours ago
@amd Idk the word for it in english. I first found the magnitude(?) from the function. Then I Just simplified it.
– Naochi
21 hours ago
@amd Idk the word for it in english. I first found the magnitude(?) from the function. Then I Just simplified it.
– Naochi
21 hours ago
@memerson I did not know you could do that! I will give it a go.
– Naochi
21 hours ago
@memerson I did not know you could do that! I will give it a go.
– Naochi
21 hours ago
1
1
@memerson Since we’re in $mathbb R^3$ we can avoid introducing an extraneous variable by instead using $v_1times v_2=0$ as the condition for parallelism, which produces two independent equations.
– amd
9 hours ago
@memerson Since we’re in $mathbb R^3$ we can avoid introducing an extraneous variable by instead using $v_1times v_2=0$ as the condition for parallelism, which produces two independent equations.
– amd
9 hours ago
|
show 3 more comments
1 Answer
1
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up vote
0
down vote
I am just expanding memerson's comment:
Part 1
The tangent vectors at time $t_1$ and $t_2$ are parallel if:
$$
begin{pmatrix}
1 \
2t_1-1 \
-2t_1 \
end{pmatrix}
=lambda
begin{pmatrix}
1 \
2t_2-1 \
-2t_2 \
end{pmatrix}$$
as you can see this is simply impossible if $lambdaneq1$ and $lambda=1implies$ $t_1$ and $t_2$ are the same time point.
Part 2
The tangent vector at any point is given by
$$
begin{pmatrix}
1 \
2t-1 \
-2t \
end{pmatrix}$$
at $x(2)$ the tangent vector is given by $(1,3-4)$. Therefore we need to find a time $t_1$ such that the tangents are perpendicular or the inner product(dot product) is zero.
$$(1,3,-4)cdot(1,2t_1-1,-2t_1)=0\
implies 1 +6t_1 -3 +8t_1=0\
implies t_1=frac{1}{7}
$$
add a comment |
1 Answer
1
active
oldest
votes
1 Answer
1
active
oldest
votes
active
oldest
votes
active
oldest
votes
up vote
0
down vote
I am just expanding memerson's comment:
Part 1
The tangent vectors at time $t_1$ and $t_2$ are parallel if:
$$
begin{pmatrix}
1 \
2t_1-1 \
-2t_1 \
end{pmatrix}
=lambda
begin{pmatrix}
1 \
2t_2-1 \
-2t_2 \
end{pmatrix}$$
as you can see this is simply impossible if $lambdaneq1$ and $lambda=1implies$ $t_1$ and $t_2$ are the same time point.
Part 2
The tangent vector at any point is given by
$$
begin{pmatrix}
1 \
2t-1 \
-2t \
end{pmatrix}$$
at $x(2)$ the tangent vector is given by $(1,3-4)$. Therefore we need to find a time $t_1$ such that the tangents are perpendicular or the inner product(dot product) is zero.
$$(1,3,-4)cdot(1,2t_1-1,-2t_1)=0\
implies 1 +6t_1 -3 +8t_1=0\
implies t_1=frac{1}{7}
$$
add a comment |
up vote
0
down vote
I am just expanding memerson's comment:
Part 1
The tangent vectors at time $t_1$ and $t_2$ are parallel if:
$$
begin{pmatrix}
1 \
2t_1-1 \
-2t_1 \
end{pmatrix}
=lambda
begin{pmatrix}
1 \
2t_2-1 \
-2t_2 \
end{pmatrix}$$
as you can see this is simply impossible if $lambdaneq1$ and $lambda=1implies$ $t_1$ and $t_2$ are the same time point.
Part 2
The tangent vector at any point is given by
$$
begin{pmatrix}
1 \
2t-1 \
-2t \
end{pmatrix}$$
at $x(2)$ the tangent vector is given by $(1,3-4)$. Therefore we need to find a time $t_1$ such that the tangents are perpendicular or the inner product(dot product) is zero.
$$(1,3,-4)cdot(1,2t_1-1,-2t_1)=0\
implies 1 +6t_1 -3 +8t_1=0\
implies t_1=frac{1}{7}
$$
add a comment |
up vote
0
down vote
up vote
0
down vote
I am just expanding memerson's comment:
Part 1
The tangent vectors at time $t_1$ and $t_2$ are parallel if:
$$
begin{pmatrix}
1 \
2t_1-1 \
-2t_1 \
end{pmatrix}
=lambda
begin{pmatrix}
1 \
2t_2-1 \
-2t_2 \
end{pmatrix}$$
as you can see this is simply impossible if $lambdaneq1$ and $lambda=1implies$ $t_1$ and $t_2$ are the same time point.
Part 2
The tangent vector at any point is given by
$$
begin{pmatrix}
1 \
2t-1 \
-2t \
end{pmatrix}$$
at $x(2)$ the tangent vector is given by $(1,3-4)$. Therefore we need to find a time $t_1$ such that the tangents are perpendicular or the inner product(dot product) is zero.
$$(1,3,-4)cdot(1,2t_1-1,-2t_1)=0\
implies 1 +6t_1 -3 +8t_1=0\
implies t_1=frac{1}{7}
$$
I am just expanding memerson's comment:
Part 1
The tangent vectors at time $t_1$ and $t_2$ are parallel if:
$$
begin{pmatrix}
1 \
2t_1-1 \
-2t_1 \
end{pmatrix}
=lambda
begin{pmatrix}
1 \
2t_2-1 \
-2t_2 \
end{pmatrix}$$
as you can see this is simply impossible if $lambdaneq1$ and $lambda=1implies$ $t_1$ and $t_2$ are the same time point.
Part 2
The tangent vector at any point is given by
$$
begin{pmatrix}
1 \
2t-1 \
-2t \
end{pmatrix}$$
at $x(2)$ the tangent vector is given by $(1,3-4)$. Therefore we need to find a time $t_1$ such that the tangents are perpendicular or the inner product(dot product) is zero.
$$(1,3,-4)cdot(1,2t_1-1,-2t_1)=0\
implies 1 +6t_1 -3 +8t_1=0\
implies t_1=frac{1}{7}
$$
answered 16 hours ago
zenith
918
918
add a comment |
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How did you end up with that quadratic equation?
– amd
22 hours ago
Have you tried using the fact that two vectors are parallel if $v_1=lambda v_2$ for some $lambda$.
– memerson
21 hours ago
@amd Idk the word for it in english. I first found the magnitude(?) from the function. Then I Just simplified it.
– Naochi
21 hours ago
@memerson I did not know you could do that! I will give it a go.
– Naochi
21 hours ago
1
@memerson Since we’re in $mathbb R^3$ we can avoid introducing an extraneous variable by instead using $v_1times v_2=0$ as the condition for parallelism, which produces two independent equations.
– amd
9 hours ago