The set of 3-tuples numerical range of Hermitian operators is not convex











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I am trying to find a counter example for the following claim.



If $A_1, A_2, dots, A_n$ are Hermitian operators then the set of all $n$-tuples of the form $left { left( left < A_1 f, f right >, left < A_2 f, f right > , dots left < A_n f, f right > right)mid |f|=1right}$ may not be convex.



The book gives a hint about $n=3$ and the dimension of matrix is 2.



I tried some matrix but as I know, the numerical range of some $2 times 2$ Hermitian operator A is contained in the interval $left[ lambda _1 , lambda _2 right ]$, in which $lambda 1$ and $lambda_2$ are eigenvalues of $A$.



Then, the desired numerical range is always a cube and convex.



Could you please help me to give some counter example?



Thank you in advance.










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    I am trying to find a counter example for the following claim.



    If $A_1, A_2, dots, A_n$ are Hermitian operators then the set of all $n$-tuples of the form $left { left( left < A_1 f, f right >, left < A_2 f, f right > , dots left < A_n f, f right > right)mid |f|=1right}$ may not be convex.



    The book gives a hint about $n=3$ and the dimension of matrix is 2.



    I tried some matrix but as I know, the numerical range of some $2 times 2$ Hermitian operator A is contained in the interval $left[ lambda _1 , lambda _2 right ]$, in which $lambda 1$ and $lambda_2$ are eigenvalues of $A$.



    Then, the desired numerical range is always a cube and convex.



    Could you please help me to give some counter example?



    Thank you in advance.










    share|cite|improve this question
























      up vote
      0
      down vote

      favorite









      up vote
      0
      down vote

      favorite











      I am trying to find a counter example for the following claim.



      If $A_1, A_2, dots, A_n$ are Hermitian operators then the set of all $n$-tuples of the form $left { left( left < A_1 f, f right >, left < A_2 f, f right > , dots left < A_n f, f right > right)mid |f|=1right}$ may not be convex.



      The book gives a hint about $n=3$ and the dimension of matrix is 2.



      I tried some matrix but as I know, the numerical range of some $2 times 2$ Hermitian operator A is contained in the interval $left[ lambda _1 , lambda _2 right ]$, in which $lambda 1$ and $lambda_2$ are eigenvalues of $A$.



      Then, the desired numerical range is always a cube and convex.



      Could you please help me to give some counter example?



      Thank you in advance.










      share|cite|improve this question













      I am trying to find a counter example for the following claim.



      If $A_1, A_2, dots, A_n$ are Hermitian operators then the set of all $n$-tuples of the form $left { left( left < A_1 f, f right >, left < A_2 f, f right > , dots left < A_n f, f right > right)mid |f|=1right}$ may not be convex.



      The book gives a hint about $n=3$ and the dimension of matrix is 2.



      I tried some matrix but as I know, the numerical range of some $2 times 2$ Hermitian operator A is contained in the interval $left[ lambda _1 , lambda _2 right ]$, in which $lambda 1$ and $lambda_2$ are eigenvalues of $A$.



      Then, the desired numerical range is always a cube and convex.



      Could you please help me to give some counter example?



      Thank you in advance.







      linear-algebra functional-analysis operator-theory






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      asked Nov 14 at 8:52









      Trần Linh

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