How to draw (maybe curved) electrical field lines between two plates in TikZ












4















How to draw these figures in TikZ?



enter image description here



I have managed to draw the first two figures, but the way I drew the arrows is not really good:



documentclass[tikz,border=3mm]{standalone} 
begin{document}
begin{tikzpicture}
foreach i in {-3,...,3}
draw[->] (i,0)--(i,-1.1); % Figure A
%draw[-<] (i,0)--(i,-1.1); Figure B
draw (-3,-1)--(-3,-2.2);
draw (-2,-1)--(-2,-2.4);
draw (-1,-1)--(-1,-2.6);
draw (0,-1)--(0,-2.7);
draw (3,-1)--(3,-2.2);
draw (2,-1)--(2,-2.4);
draw (1,-1)--(1,-2.6);
% It is ugly and time-consuming, right? but I can't find a better one
draw[line width=3pt,red] (-3.5,0)--(3.5,0);
draw (0,0) node[above] {$+$};
draw[line width=3pt,blue] (-3.5,-2) to[out=-20,in=-160] (3.5,-2);
draw (0,-2.7) node[below] {$-$};
end{tikzpicture}
end{document}


enter image description here



As the way I drew the straight arrows is not optimal, I can't use it to draw the curved arrows in the last two figures.



Can you show me a better way? Thank you in advance.










share|improve this question







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  • Draw the blue curve as an arc so you can predict the coordinates of points on it. And then draw arrows by [bend = xxxx].

    – Symbol 1
    1 hour ago
















4















How to draw these figures in TikZ?



enter image description here



I have managed to draw the first two figures, but the way I drew the arrows is not really good:



documentclass[tikz,border=3mm]{standalone} 
begin{document}
begin{tikzpicture}
foreach i in {-3,...,3}
draw[->] (i,0)--(i,-1.1); % Figure A
%draw[-<] (i,0)--(i,-1.1); Figure B
draw (-3,-1)--(-3,-2.2);
draw (-2,-1)--(-2,-2.4);
draw (-1,-1)--(-1,-2.6);
draw (0,-1)--(0,-2.7);
draw (3,-1)--(3,-2.2);
draw (2,-1)--(2,-2.4);
draw (1,-1)--(1,-2.6);
% It is ugly and time-consuming, right? but I can't find a better one
draw[line width=3pt,red] (-3.5,0)--(3.5,0);
draw (0,0) node[above] {$+$};
draw[line width=3pt,blue] (-3.5,-2) to[out=-20,in=-160] (3.5,-2);
draw (0,-2.7) node[below] {$-$};
end{tikzpicture}
end{document}


enter image description here



As the way I drew the straight arrows is not optimal, I can't use it to draw the curved arrows in the last two figures.



Can you show me a better way? Thank you in advance.










share|improve this question







New contributor




Someone is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.





















  • Draw the blue curve as an arc so you can predict the coordinates of points on it. And then draw arrows by [bend = xxxx].

    – Symbol 1
    1 hour ago














4












4








4


0






How to draw these figures in TikZ?



enter image description here



I have managed to draw the first two figures, but the way I drew the arrows is not really good:



documentclass[tikz,border=3mm]{standalone} 
begin{document}
begin{tikzpicture}
foreach i in {-3,...,3}
draw[->] (i,0)--(i,-1.1); % Figure A
%draw[-<] (i,0)--(i,-1.1); Figure B
draw (-3,-1)--(-3,-2.2);
draw (-2,-1)--(-2,-2.4);
draw (-1,-1)--(-1,-2.6);
draw (0,-1)--(0,-2.7);
draw (3,-1)--(3,-2.2);
draw (2,-1)--(2,-2.4);
draw (1,-1)--(1,-2.6);
% It is ugly and time-consuming, right? but I can't find a better one
draw[line width=3pt,red] (-3.5,0)--(3.5,0);
draw (0,0) node[above] {$+$};
draw[line width=3pt,blue] (-3.5,-2) to[out=-20,in=-160] (3.5,-2);
draw (0,-2.7) node[below] {$-$};
end{tikzpicture}
end{document}


enter image description here



As the way I drew the straight arrows is not optimal, I can't use it to draw the curved arrows in the last two figures.



Can you show me a better way? Thank you in advance.










share|improve this question







New contributor




Someone is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.












How to draw these figures in TikZ?



enter image description here



I have managed to draw the first two figures, but the way I drew the arrows is not really good:



documentclass[tikz,border=3mm]{standalone} 
begin{document}
begin{tikzpicture}
foreach i in {-3,...,3}
draw[->] (i,0)--(i,-1.1); % Figure A
%draw[-<] (i,0)--(i,-1.1); Figure B
draw (-3,-1)--(-3,-2.2);
draw (-2,-1)--(-2,-2.4);
draw (-1,-1)--(-1,-2.6);
draw (0,-1)--(0,-2.7);
draw (3,-1)--(3,-2.2);
draw (2,-1)--(2,-2.4);
draw (1,-1)--(1,-2.6);
% It is ugly and time-consuming, right? but I can't find a better one
draw[line width=3pt,red] (-3.5,0)--(3.5,0);
draw (0,0) node[above] {$+$};
draw[line width=3pt,blue] (-3.5,-2) to[out=-20,in=-160] (3.5,-2);
draw (0,-2.7) node[below] {$-$};
end{tikzpicture}
end{document}


enter image description here



As the way I drew the straight arrows is not optimal, I can't use it to draw the curved arrows in the last two figures.



Can you show me a better way? Thank you in advance.







tikz-pgf arrows






share|improve this question







New contributor




Someone is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.











share|improve this question







New contributor




Someone is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.









share|improve this question




share|improve this question






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asked 2 hours ago









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New contributor





Someone is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.






Someone is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.













  • Draw the blue curve as an arc so you can predict the coordinates of points on it. And then draw arrows by [bend = xxxx].

    – Symbol 1
    1 hour ago



















  • Draw the blue curve as an arc so you can predict the coordinates of points on it. And then draw arrows by [bend = xxxx].

    – Symbol 1
    1 hour ago

















Draw the blue curve as an arc so you can predict the coordinates of points on it. And then draw arrows by [bend = xxxx].

– Symbol 1
1 hour ago





Draw the blue curve as an arc so you can predict the coordinates of points on it. And then draw arrows by [bend = xxxx].

– Symbol 1
1 hour ago










2 Answers
2






active

oldest

votes


















2














Welcome to TeX.SE! decoration.markings and foreach can help a lot here. The arrows in the middle are (essentially) from here. And decorations.markings is also used to set marks along the blue curves. They get used to define the starting points of the arrows. The to[out=...,int=...] is used to bend the paths in C and D.



documentclass[tikz,border=3mm]{standalone} 
usetikzlibrary{decorations.markings,arrows.meta}
tikzset{->-/.style={postaction={decorate,decoration={
markings,
mark=at position #1 with {arrow[arsty]{>}}}}},
-<-/.style={postaction={decorate,decoration={
markings,
mark=at position #1 with {arrow[arsty]{<}}}}},
insert target/.style args={#1|#2}{postaction={decorate,decoration={
markings,
mark=at position #1 with {coordinate (target-#2);}}}}
}
begin{document}
begin{tikzpicture}[arsty/.style={},>=Latex,font=sffamily]
begin{scope}[local bounding box=A]
draw[line width=3pt,red,
%insert target/.list={1/12|Atop-1,3/12|Atop-2,5/12|Atop-3,7/12|Atop-4,9/12|Atop-5,11/12|Atop-6}
] (-3.5,0)--(3.5,0);
draw (0,0) node[above] {$+$};
draw[line width=3pt,blue,
insert target/.list={1/12|Abot-1,3/12|Abot-2,5/12|Abot-3,7/12|Abot-4,9/12|Abot-5,11/12|Abot-6}] (-3.5,-2) to[out=-20,in=-160] (3.5,-2);
foreach X in {1,...,6}
{draw[-<-=0.5] (target-Abot-X) -- (0,0-|target-Abot-X);}
draw (0,-2.7) node[below] {$-$};
end{scope}
node[anchor=south] at (A.north) {A};
%
begin{scope}[local bounding box=B,xshift=8cm]
draw[line width=3pt,red,
%insert target/.list={1/12|Btop-1,3/12|Btop-2,5/12|Btop-3,7/12|Btop-4,9/12|Btop-5,11/12|Btop-6}
] (-3.5,0)--(3.5,0);
draw (0,0) node[above] {$+$};
draw[line width=3pt,blue,
insert target/.list={1/12|Bbot-1,3/12|Bbot-2,5/12|Bbot-3,7/12|Bbot-4,9/12|Bbot-5,11/12|Bbot-6}] (-3.5,-2) to[out=-20,in=-160] (3.5,-2);
foreach X in {1,...,6}
{draw[->-=0.5] (target-Bbot-X) -- (0,0-|target-Bbot-X);}
draw (0,-2.7) node[below] {$-$};
end{scope}
node[anchor=south] at (B.north) {B};
%
begin{scope}[local bounding box=C,yshift=-6cm]
draw[line width=3pt,red,
%insert target/.list={1/12|Ctop-1,3/12|Ctop-2,5/12|Ctop-3,7/12|Ctop-4,9/12|Ctop-5,11/12|Ctop-6}
] (-3.5,0)--(3.5,0);
draw (0,0) node[above] {$+$};
draw[line width=3pt,blue,
insert target/.list={1/12|Cbot-1,3/12|Cbot-2,5/12|Cbot-3,7/12|Cbot-4,9/12|Cbot-5,11/12|Cbot-6}]
(-3.5,-2) to[out=-20,in=-160] (3.5,-2);
foreach X in {1,...,6}
{draw[-<-=0.5] (target-Cbot-X) to[out=69+6*X,in=-90]
([xshift={(3.5-X)*1.3mm}]target-Cbot-X |-0,0);
}
draw (0,-2.7) node[below] {$-$};
end{scope}
node[anchor=south] at (C.north) {C};
%
begin{scope}[local bounding box=D,xshift=8cm,yshift=-6cm]
draw[line width=3pt,red,
insert target/.list={1/12|Dtop-1,3/12|Dtop-2,5/12|Dtop-3,7/12|Dtop-4,9/12|Dtop-5,11/12|Dtop-6}] (-3.5,0)--(3.5,0);
draw (0,0) node[above] {$+$};
draw[line width=3pt,blue,
insert target/.list={1/12|Dbot-1,3/12|Dbot-2,5/12|Dbot-3,7/12|Dbot-4,9/12|Dbot-5,11/12|Dbot-6}] (-3.5,-2) to[out=-20,in=-160] (3.5,-2);
foreach X in {1,...,6}
{draw[->-=0.5] (target-Dbot-X) to[out=69+6*X,in=-90]
([xshift={(3.5-X)*1.3mm}]target-Dbot-X |-0,0);
}
draw (0,-2.7) node[below] {$-$};
end{scope}
node[anchor=south] at (D.north) {D};
end{tikzpicture}
end{document}


enter image description here






share|improve this answer































    2














    An alternative, but very similar, approach to marmot's excellent solution (beaten by mere minutes).



    documentclass[tikz,border=3mm]{standalone}
    begin{document}
    begin{tikzpicture}
    % Library for middle arrowheads
    usetikzlibrary{decorations.markings}

    % Style the vertical lines (this form is necessary for the middle arrowhead)
    begin{scope}[semithick,decoration={
    markings,
    mark=at position 0.4 with {arrow{>}}}
    ]
    % Loop through and draw each vertical line
    foreach xRed in {-3,...,3}
    % Spread the bottom points horizontally
    pgfmathsetmacroxBlue{xRed*1.1}
    % Red line is straight, but could put arbitrary function here
    pgfmathsetmacroyRed{0}
    % Blue line is curved, quadratic eqn
    pgfmathsetmacroyBlue{0.06*xBlue*xBlue-2.7}
    % Calculate angle of lines touching blue line
    pgfmathsetmacroangle{6.6667*xRed+90}
    % Draw a line
    draw[postaction={decorate}] (xRed,yRed) to[out=-90,in=angle] (xBlue,yBlue);
    end{scope}

    % Red line, could put arbitrary function here
    draw[domain=-3.5:3.5,smooth,variable=x,line width=3pt,red] plot ({x},{0});
    % + sign
    draw (0,0) node[above] {(+)};

    % Blue line, quadratic eqn
    draw[domain=-3.5:3.5,smooth,variable=x,line width=3pt,blue] plot ({x},{0.06*x*x-2.7});
    % - sign
    draw (0,-2.7) node[below] {(-)};

    end{tikzpicture}
    end{document}


    Final result






    share|improve this answer








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      2 Answers
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      2 Answers
      2






      active

      oldest

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      active

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      active

      oldest

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      2














      Welcome to TeX.SE! decoration.markings and foreach can help a lot here. The arrows in the middle are (essentially) from here. And decorations.markings is also used to set marks along the blue curves. They get used to define the starting points of the arrows. The to[out=...,int=...] is used to bend the paths in C and D.



      documentclass[tikz,border=3mm]{standalone} 
      usetikzlibrary{decorations.markings,arrows.meta}
      tikzset{->-/.style={postaction={decorate,decoration={
      markings,
      mark=at position #1 with {arrow[arsty]{>}}}}},
      -<-/.style={postaction={decorate,decoration={
      markings,
      mark=at position #1 with {arrow[arsty]{<}}}}},
      insert target/.style args={#1|#2}{postaction={decorate,decoration={
      markings,
      mark=at position #1 with {coordinate (target-#2);}}}}
      }
      begin{document}
      begin{tikzpicture}[arsty/.style={},>=Latex,font=sffamily]
      begin{scope}[local bounding box=A]
      draw[line width=3pt,red,
      %insert target/.list={1/12|Atop-1,3/12|Atop-2,5/12|Atop-3,7/12|Atop-4,9/12|Atop-5,11/12|Atop-6}
      ] (-3.5,0)--(3.5,0);
      draw (0,0) node[above] {$+$};
      draw[line width=3pt,blue,
      insert target/.list={1/12|Abot-1,3/12|Abot-2,5/12|Abot-3,7/12|Abot-4,9/12|Abot-5,11/12|Abot-6}] (-3.5,-2) to[out=-20,in=-160] (3.5,-2);
      foreach X in {1,...,6}
      {draw[-<-=0.5] (target-Abot-X) -- (0,0-|target-Abot-X);}
      draw (0,-2.7) node[below] {$-$};
      end{scope}
      node[anchor=south] at (A.north) {A};
      %
      begin{scope}[local bounding box=B,xshift=8cm]
      draw[line width=3pt,red,
      %insert target/.list={1/12|Btop-1,3/12|Btop-2,5/12|Btop-3,7/12|Btop-4,9/12|Btop-5,11/12|Btop-6}
      ] (-3.5,0)--(3.5,0);
      draw (0,0) node[above] {$+$};
      draw[line width=3pt,blue,
      insert target/.list={1/12|Bbot-1,3/12|Bbot-2,5/12|Bbot-3,7/12|Bbot-4,9/12|Bbot-5,11/12|Bbot-6}] (-3.5,-2) to[out=-20,in=-160] (3.5,-2);
      foreach X in {1,...,6}
      {draw[->-=0.5] (target-Bbot-X) -- (0,0-|target-Bbot-X);}
      draw (0,-2.7) node[below] {$-$};
      end{scope}
      node[anchor=south] at (B.north) {B};
      %
      begin{scope}[local bounding box=C,yshift=-6cm]
      draw[line width=3pt,red,
      %insert target/.list={1/12|Ctop-1,3/12|Ctop-2,5/12|Ctop-3,7/12|Ctop-4,9/12|Ctop-5,11/12|Ctop-6}
      ] (-3.5,0)--(3.5,0);
      draw (0,0) node[above] {$+$};
      draw[line width=3pt,blue,
      insert target/.list={1/12|Cbot-1,3/12|Cbot-2,5/12|Cbot-3,7/12|Cbot-4,9/12|Cbot-5,11/12|Cbot-6}]
      (-3.5,-2) to[out=-20,in=-160] (3.5,-2);
      foreach X in {1,...,6}
      {draw[-<-=0.5] (target-Cbot-X) to[out=69+6*X,in=-90]
      ([xshift={(3.5-X)*1.3mm}]target-Cbot-X |-0,0);
      }
      draw (0,-2.7) node[below] {$-$};
      end{scope}
      node[anchor=south] at (C.north) {C};
      %
      begin{scope}[local bounding box=D,xshift=8cm,yshift=-6cm]
      draw[line width=3pt,red,
      insert target/.list={1/12|Dtop-1,3/12|Dtop-2,5/12|Dtop-3,7/12|Dtop-4,9/12|Dtop-5,11/12|Dtop-6}] (-3.5,0)--(3.5,0);
      draw (0,0) node[above] {$+$};
      draw[line width=3pt,blue,
      insert target/.list={1/12|Dbot-1,3/12|Dbot-2,5/12|Dbot-3,7/12|Dbot-4,9/12|Dbot-5,11/12|Dbot-6}] (-3.5,-2) to[out=-20,in=-160] (3.5,-2);
      foreach X in {1,...,6}
      {draw[->-=0.5] (target-Dbot-X) to[out=69+6*X,in=-90]
      ([xshift={(3.5-X)*1.3mm}]target-Dbot-X |-0,0);
      }
      draw (0,-2.7) node[below] {$-$};
      end{scope}
      node[anchor=south] at (D.north) {D};
      end{tikzpicture}
      end{document}


      enter image description here






      share|improve this answer




























        2














        Welcome to TeX.SE! decoration.markings and foreach can help a lot here. The arrows in the middle are (essentially) from here. And decorations.markings is also used to set marks along the blue curves. They get used to define the starting points of the arrows. The to[out=...,int=...] is used to bend the paths in C and D.



        documentclass[tikz,border=3mm]{standalone} 
        usetikzlibrary{decorations.markings,arrows.meta}
        tikzset{->-/.style={postaction={decorate,decoration={
        markings,
        mark=at position #1 with {arrow[arsty]{>}}}}},
        -<-/.style={postaction={decorate,decoration={
        markings,
        mark=at position #1 with {arrow[arsty]{<}}}}},
        insert target/.style args={#1|#2}{postaction={decorate,decoration={
        markings,
        mark=at position #1 with {coordinate (target-#2);}}}}
        }
        begin{document}
        begin{tikzpicture}[arsty/.style={},>=Latex,font=sffamily]
        begin{scope}[local bounding box=A]
        draw[line width=3pt,red,
        %insert target/.list={1/12|Atop-1,3/12|Atop-2,5/12|Atop-3,7/12|Atop-4,9/12|Atop-5,11/12|Atop-6}
        ] (-3.5,0)--(3.5,0);
        draw (0,0) node[above] {$+$};
        draw[line width=3pt,blue,
        insert target/.list={1/12|Abot-1,3/12|Abot-2,5/12|Abot-3,7/12|Abot-4,9/12|Abot-5,11/12|Abot-6}] (-3.5,-2) to[out=-20,in=-160] (3.5,-2);
        foreach X in {1,...,6}
        {draw[-<-=0.5] (target-Abot-X) -- (0,0-|target-Abot-X);}
        draw (0,-2.7) node[below] {$-$};
        end{scope}
        node[anchor=south] at (A.north) {A};
        %
        begin{scope}[local bounding box=B,xshift=8cm]
        draw[line width=3pt,red,
        %insert target/.list={1/12|Btop-1,3/12|Btop-2,5/12|Btop-3,7/12|Btop-4,9/12|Btop-5,11/12|Btop-6}
        ] (-3.5,0)--(3.5,0);
        draw (0,0) node[above] {$+$};
        draw[line width=3pt,blue,
        insert target/.list={1/12|Bbot-1,3/12|Bbot-2,5/12|Bbot-3,7/12|Bbot-4,9/12|Bbot-5,11/12|Bbot-6}] (-3.5,-2) to[out=-20,in=-160] (3.5,-2);
        foreach X in {1,...,6}
        {draw[->-=0.5] (target-Bbot-X) -- (0,0-|target-Bbot-X);}
        draw (0,-2.7) node[below] {$-$};
        end{scope}
        node[anchor=south] at (B.north) {B};
        %
        begin{scope}[local bounding box=C,yshift=-6cm]
        draw[line width=3pt,red,
        %insert target/.list={1/12|Ctop-1,3/12|Ctop-2,5/12|Ctop-3,7/12|Ctop-4,9/12|Ctop-5,11/12|Ctop-6}
        ] (-3.5,0)--(3.5,0);
        draw (0,0) node[above] {$+$};
        draw[line width=3pt,blue,
        insert target/.list={1/12|Cbot-1,3/12|Cbot-2,5/12|Cbot-3,7/12|Cbot-4,9/12|Cbot-5,11/12|Cbot-6}]
        (-3.5,-2) to[out=-20,in=-160] (3.5,-2);
        foreach X in {1,...,6}
        {draw[-<-=0.5] (target-Cbot-X) to[out=69+6*X,in=-90]
        ([xshift={(3.5-X)*1.3mm}]target-Cbot-X |-0,0);
        }
        draw (0,-2.7) node[below] {$-$};
        end{scope}
        node[anchor=south] at (C.north) {C};
        %
        begin{scope}[local bounding box=D,xshift=8cm,yshift=-6cm]
        draw[line width=3pt,red,
        insert target/.list={1/12|Dtop-1,3/12|Dtop-2,5/12|Dtop-3,7/12|Dtop-4,9/12|Dtop-5,11/12|Dtop-6}] (-3.5,0)--(3.5,0);
        draw (0,0) node[above] {$+$};
        draw[line width=3pt,blue,
        insert target/.list={1/12|Dbot-1,3/12|Dbot-2,5/12|Dbot-3,7/12|Dbot-4,9/12|Dbot-5,11/12|Dbot-6}] (-3.5,-2) to[out=-20,in=-160] (3.5,-2);
        foreach X in {1,...,6}
        {draw[->-=0.5] (target-Dbot-X) to[out=69+6*X,in=-90]
        ([xshift={(3.5-X)*1.3mm}]target-Dbot-X |-0,0);
        }
        draw (0,-2.7) node[below] {$-$};
        end{scope}
        node[anchor=south] at (D.north) {D};
        end{tikzpicture}
        end{document}


        enter image description here






        share|improve this answer


























          2












          2








          2







          Welcome to TeX.SE! decoration.markings and foreach can help a lot here. The arrows in the middle are (essentially) from here. And decorations.markings is also used to set marks along the blue curves. They get used to define the starting points of the arrows. The to[out=...,int=...] is used to bend the paths in C and D.



          documentclass[tikz,border=3mm]{standalone} 
          usetikzlibrary{decorations.markings,arrows.meta}
          tikzset{->-/.style={postaction={decorate,decoration={
          markings,
          mark=at position #1 with {arrow[arsty]{>}}}}},
          -<-/.style={postaction={decorate,decoration={
          markings,
          mark=at position #1 with {arrow[arsty]{<}}}}},
          insert target/.style args={#1|#2}{postaction={decorate,decoration={
          markings,
          mark=at position #1 with {coordinate (target-#2);}}}}
          }
          begin{document}
          begin{tikzpicture}[arsty/.style={},>=Latex,font=sffamily]
          begin{scope}[local bounding box=A]
          draw[line width=3pt,red,
          %insert target/.list={1/12|Atop-1,3/12|Atop-2,5/12|Atop-3,7/12|Atop-4,9/12|Atop-5,11/12|Atop-6}
          ] (-3.5,0)--(3.5,0);
          draw (0,0) node[above] {$+$};
          draw[line width=3pt,blue,
          insert target/.list={1/12|Abot-1,3/12|Abot-2,5/12|Abot-3,7/12|Abot-4,9/12|Abot-5,11/12|Abot-6}] (-3.5,-2) to[out=-20,in=-160] (3.5,-2);
          foreach X in {1,...,6}
          {draw[-<-=0.5] (target-Abot-X) -- (0,0-|target-Abot-X);}
          draw (0,-2.7) node[below] {$-$};
          end{scope}
          node[anchor=south] at (A.north) {A};
          %
          begin{scope}[local bounding box=B,xshift=8cm]
          draw[line width=3pt,red,
          %insert target/.list={1/12|Btop-1,3/12|Btop-2,5/12|Btop-3,7/12|Btop-4,9/12|Btop-5,11/12|Btop-6}
          ] (-3.5,0)--(3.5,0);
          draw (0,0) node[above] {$+$};
          draw[line width=3pt,blue,
          insert target/.list={1/12|Bbot-1,3/12|Bbot-2,5/12|Bbot-3,7/12|Bbot-4,9/12|Bbot-5,11/12|Bbot-6}] (-3.5,-2) to[out=-20,in=-160] (3.5,-2);
          foreach X in {1,...,6}
          {draw[->-=0.5] (target-Bbot-X) -- (0,0-|target-Bbot-X);}
          draw (0,-2.7) node[below] {$-$};
          end{scope}
          node[anchor=south] at (B.north) {B};
          %
          begin{scope}[local bounding box=C,yshift=-6cm]
          draw[line width=3pt,red,
          %insert target/.list={1/12|Ctop-1,3/12|Ctop-2,5/12|Ctop-3,7/12|Ctop-4,9/12|Ctop-5,11/12|Ctop-6}
          ] (-3.5,0)--(3.5,0);
          draw (0,0) node[above] {$+$};
          draw[line width=3pt,blue,
          insert target/.list={1/12|Cbot-1,3/12|Cbot-2,5/12|Cbot-3,7/12|Cbot-4,9/12|Cbot-5,11/12|Cbot-6}]
          (-3.5,-2) to[out=-20,in=-160] (3.5,-2);
          foreach X in {1,...,6}
          {draw[-<-=0.5] (target-Cbot-X) to[out=69+6*X,in=-90]
          ([xshift={(3.5-X)*1.3mm}]target-Cbot-X |-0,0);
          }
          draw (0,-2.7) node[below] {$-$};
          end{scope}
          node[anchor=south] at (C.north) {C};
          %
          begin{scope}[local bounding box=D,xshift=8cm,yshift=-6cm]
          draw[line width=3pt,red,
          insert target/.list={1/12|Dtop-1,3/12|Dtop-2,5/12|Dtop-3,7/12|Dtop-4,9/12|Dtop-5,11/12|Dtop-6}] (-3.5,0)--(3.5,0);
          draw (0,0) node[above] {$+$};
          draw[line width=3pt,blue,
          insert target/.list={1/12|Dbot-1,3/12|Dbot-2,5/12|Dbot-3,7/12|Dbot-4,9/12|Dbot-5,11/12|Dbot-6}] (-3.5,-2) to[out=-20,in=-160] (3.5,-2);
          foreach X in {1,...,6}
          {draw[->-=0.5] (target-Dbot-X) to[out=69+6*X,in=-90]
          ([xshift={(3.5-X)*1.3mm}]target-Dbot-X |-0,0);
          }
          draw (0,-2.7) node[below] {$-$};
          end{scope}
          node[anchor=south] at (D.north) {D};
          end{tikzpicture}
          end{document}


          enter image description here






          share|improve this answer













          Welcome to TeX.SE! decoration.markings and foreach can help a lot here. The arrows in the middle are (essentially) from here. And decorations.markings is also used to set marks along the blue curves. They get used to define the starting points of the arrows. The to[out=...,int=...] is used to bend the paths in C and D.



          documentclass[tikz,border=3mm]{standalone} 
          usetikzlibrary{decorations.markings,arrows.meta}
          tikzset{->-/.style={postaction={decorate,decoration={
          markings,
          mark=at position #1 with {arrow[arsty]{>}}}}},
          -<-/.style={postaction={decorate,decoration={
          markings,
          mark=at position #1 with {arrow[arsty]{<}}}}},
          insert target/.style args={#1|#2}{postaction={decorate,decoration={
          markings,
          mark=at position #1 with {coordinate (target-#2);}}}}
          }
          begin{document}
          begin{tikzpicture}[arsty/.style={},>=Latex,font=sffamily]
          begin{scope}[local bounding box=A]
          draw[line width=3pt,red,
          %insert target/.list={1/12|Atop-1,3/12|Atop-2,5/12|Atop-3,7/12|Atop-4,9/12|Atop-5,11/12|Atop-6}
          ] (-3.5,0)--(3.5,0);
          draw (0,0) node[above] {$+$};
          draw[line width=3pt,blue,
          insert target/.list={1/12|Abot-1,3/12|Abot-2,5/12|Abot-3,7/12|Abot-4,9/12|Abot-5,11/12|Abot-6}] (-3.5,-2) to[out=-20,in=-160] (3.5,-2);
          foreach X in {1,...,6}
          {draw[-<-=0.5] (target-Abot-X) -- (0,0-|target-Abot-X);}
          draw (0,-2.7) node[below] {$-$};
          end{scope}
          node[anchor=south] at (A.north) {A};
          %
          begin{scope}[local bounding box=B,xshift=8cm]
          draw[line width=3pt,red,
          %insert target/.list={1/12|Btop-1,3/12|Btop-2,5/12|Btop-3,7/12|Btop-4,9/12|Btop-5,11/12|Btop-6}
          ] (-3.5,0)--(3.5,0);
          draw (0,0) node[above] {$+$};
          draw[line width=3pt,blue,
          insert target/.list={1/12|Bbot-1,3/12|Bbot-2,5/12|Bbot-3,7/12|Bbot-4,9/12|Bbot-5,11/12|Bbot-6}] (-3.5,-2) to[out=-20,in=-160] (3.5,-2);
          foreach X in {1,...,6}
          {draw[->-=0.5] (target-Bbot-X) -- (0,0-|target-Bbot-X);}
          draw (0,-2.7) node[below] {$-$};
          end{scope}
          node[anchor=south] at (B.north) {B};
          %
          begin{scope}[local bounding box=C,yshift=-6cm]
          draw[line width=3pt,red,
          %insert target/.list={1/12|Ctop-1,3/12|Ctop-2,5/12|Ctop-3,7/12|Ctop-4,9/12|Ctop-5,11/12|Ctop-6}
          ] (-3.5,0)--(3.5,0);
          draw (0,0) node[above] {$+$};
          draw[line width=3pt,blue,
          insert target/.list={1/12|Cbot-1,3/12|Cbot-2,5/12|Cbot-3,7/12|Cbot-4,9/12|Cbot-5,11/12|Cbot-6}]
          (-3.5,-2) to[out=-20,in=-160] (3.5,-2);
          foreach X in {1,...,6}
          {draw[-<-=0.5] (target-Cbot-X) to[out=69+6*X,in=-90]
          ([xshift={(3.5-X)*1.3mm}]target-Cbot-X |-0,0);
          }
          draw (0,-2.7) node[below] {$-$};
          end{scope}
          node[anchor=south] at (C.north) {C};
          %
          begin{scope}[local bounding box=D,xshift=8cm,yshift=-6cm]
          draw[line width=3pt,red,
          insert target/.list={1/12|Dtop-1,3/12|Dtop-2,5/12|Dtop-3,7/12|Dtop-4,9/12|Dtop-5,11/12|Dtop-6}] (-3.5,0)--(3.5,0);
          draw (0,0) node[above] {$+$};
          draw[line width=3pt,blue,
          insert target/.list={1/12|Dbot-1,3/12|Dbot-2,5/12|Dbot-3,7/12|Dbot-4,9/12|Dbot-5,11/12|Dbot-6}] (-3.5,-2) to[out=-20,in=-160] (3.5,-2);
          foreach X in {1,...,6}
          {draw[->-=0.5] (target-Dbot-X) to[out=69+6*X,in=-90]
          ([xshift={(3.5-X)*1.3mm}]target-Dbot-X |-0,0);
          }
          draw (0,-2.7) node[below] {$-$};
          end{scope}
          node[anchor=south] at (D.north) {D};
          end{tikzpicture}
          end{document}


          enter image description here







          share|improve this answer












          share|improve this answer



          share|improve this answer










          answered 1 hour ago









          marmotmarmot

          98.8k4113219




          98.8k4113219























              2














              An alternative, but very similar, approach to marmot's excellent solution (beaten by mere minutes).



              documentclass[tikz,border=3mm]{standalone}
              begin{document}
              begin{tikzpicture}
              % Library for middle arrowheads
              usetikzlibrary{decorations.markings}

              % Style the vertical lines (this form is necessary for the middle arrowhead)
              begin{scope}[semithick,decoration={
              markings,
              mark=at position 0.4 with {arrow{>}}}
              ]
              % Loop through and draw each vertical line
              foreach xRed in {-3,...,3}
              % Spread the bottom points horizontally
              pgfmathsetmacroxBlue{xRed*1.1}
              % Red line is straight, but could put arbitrary function here
              pgfmathsetmacroyRed{0}
              % Blue line is curved, quadratic eqn
              pgfmathsetmacroyBlue{0.06*xBlue*xBlue-2.7}
              % Calculate angle of lines touching blue line
              pgfmathsetmacroangle{6.6667*xRed+90}
              % Draw a line
              draw[postaction={decorate}] (xRed,yRed) to[out=-90,in=angle] (xBlue,yBlue);
              end{scope}

              % Red line, could put arbitrary function here
              draw[domain=-3.5:3.5,smooth,variable=x,line width=3pt,red] plot ({x},{0});
              % + sign
              draw (0,0) node[above] {(+)};

              % Blue line, quadratic eqn
              draw[domain=-3.5:3.5,smooth,variable=x,line width=3pt,blue] plot ({x},{0.06*x*x-2.7});
              % - sign
              draw (0,-2.7) node[below] {(-)};

              end{tikzpicture}
              end{document}


              Final result






              share|improve this answer








              New contributor




              Robin Georg is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
              Check out our Code of Conduct.

























                2














                An alternative, but very similar, approach to marmot's excellent solution (beaten by mere minutes).



                documentclass[tikz,border=3mm]{standalone}
                begin{document}
                begin{tikzpicture}
                % Library for middle arrowheads
                usetikzlibrary{decorations.markings}

                % Style the vertical lines (this form is necessary for the middle arrowhead)
                begin{scope}[semithick,decoration={
                markings,
                mark=at position 0.4 with {arrow{>}}}
                ]
                % Loop through and draw each vertical line
                foreach xRed in {-3,...,3}
                % Spread the bottom points horizontally
                pgfmathsetmacroxBlue{xRed*1.1}
                % Red line is straight, but could put arbitrary function here
                pgfmathsetmacroyRed{0}
                % Blue line is curved, quadratic eqn
                pgfmathsetmacroyBlue{0.06*xBlue*xBlue-2.7}
                % Calculate angle of lines touching blue line
                pgfmathsetmacroangle{6.6667*xRed+90}
                % Draw a line
                draw[postaction={decorate}] (xRed,yRed) to[out=-90,in=angle] (xBlue,yBlue);
                end{scope}

                % Red line, could put arbitrary function here
                draw[domain=-3.5:3.5,smooth,variable=x,line width=3pt,red] plot ({x},{0});
                % + sign
                draw (0,0) node[above] {(+)};

                % Blue line, quadratic eqn
                draw[domain=-3.5:3.5,smooth,variable=x,line width=3pt,blue] plot ({x},{0.06*x*x-2.7});
                % - sign
                draw (0,-2.7) node[below] {(-)};

                end{tikzpicture}
                end{document}


                Final result






                share|improve this answer








                New contributor




                Robin Georg is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
                Check out our Code of Conduct.























                  2












                  2








                  2







                  An alternative, but very similar, approach to marmot's excellent solution (beaten by mere minutes).



                  documentclass[tikz,border=3mm]{standalone}
                  begin{document}
                  begin{tikzpicture}
                  % Library for middle arrowheads
                  usetikzlibrary{decorations.markings}

                  % Style the vertical lines (this form is necessary for the middle arrowhead)
                  begin{scope}[semithick,decoration={
                  markings,
                  mark=at position 0.4 with {arrow{>}}}
                  ]
                  % Loop through and draw each vertical line
                  foreach xRed in {-3,...,3}
                  % Spread the bottom points horizontally
                  pgfmathsetmacroxBlue{xRed*1.1}
                  % Red line is straight, but could put arbitrary function here
                  pgfmathsetmacroyRed{0}
                  % Blue line is curved, quadratic eqn
                  pgfmathsetmacroyBlue{0.06*xBlue*xBlue-2.7}
                  % Calculate angle of lines touching blue line
                  pgfmathsetmacroangle{6.6667*xRed+90}
                  % Draw a line
                  draw[postaction={decorate}] (xRed,yRed) to[out=-90,in=angle] (xBlue,yBlue);
                  end{scope}

                  % Red line, could put arbitrary function here
                  draw[domain=-3.5:3.5,smooth,variable=x,line width=3pt,red] plot ({x},{0});
                  % + sign
                  draw (0,0) node[above] {(+)};

                  % Blue line, quadratic eqn
                  draw[domain=-3.5:3.5,smooth,variable=x,line width=3pt,blue] plot ({x},{0.06*x*x-2.7});
                  % - sign
                  draw (0,-2.7) node[below] {(-)};

                  end{tikzpicture}
                  end{document}


                  Final result






                  share|improve this answer








                  New contributor




                  Robin Georg is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
                  Check out our Code of Conduct.










                  An alternative, but very similar, approach to marmot's excellent solution (beaten by mere minutes).



                  documentclass[tikz,border=3mm]{standalone}
                  begin{document}
                  begin{tikzpicture}
                  % Library for middle arrowheads
                  usetikzlibrary{decorations.markings}

                  % Style the vertical lines (this form is necessary for the middle arrowhead)
                  begin{scope}[semithick,decoration={
                  markings,
                  mark=at position 0.4 with {arrow{>}}}
                  ]
                  % Loop through and draw each vertical line
                  foreach xRed in {-3,...,3}
                  % Spread the bottom points horizontally
                  pgfmathsetmacroxBlue{xRed*1.1}
                  % Red line is straight, but could put arbitrary function here
                  pgfmathsetmacroyRed{0}
                  % Blue line is curved, quadratic eqn
                  pgfmathsetmacroyBlue{0.06*xBlue*xBlue-2.7}
                  % Calculate angle of lines touching blue line
                  pgfmathsetmacroangle{6.6667*xRed+90}
                  % Draw a line
                  draw[postaction={decorate}] (xRed,yRed) to[out=-90,in=angle] (xBlue,yBlue);
                  end{scope}

                  % Red line, could put arbitrary function here
                  draw[domain=-3.5:3.5,smooth,variable=x,line width=3pt,red] plot ({x},{0});
                  % + sign
                  draw (0,0) node[above] {(+)};

                  % Blue line, quadratic eqn
                  draw[domain=-3.5:3.5,smooth,variable=x,line width=3pt,blue] plot ({x},{0.06*x*x-2.7});
                  % - sign
                  draw (0,-2.7) node[below] {(-)};

                  end{tikzpicture}
                  end{document}


                  Final result







                  share|improve this answer








                  New contributor




                  Robin Georg is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
                  Check out our Code of Conduct.









                  share|improve this answer



                  share|improve this answer






                  New contributor




                  Robin Georg is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
                  Check out our Code of Conduct.









                  answered 47 mins ago









                  Robin GeorgRobin Georg

                  211




                  211




                  New contributor




                  Robin Georg is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
                  Check out our Code of Conduct.





                  New contributor





                  Robin Georg is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
                  Check out our Code of Conduct.






                  Robin Georg is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
                  Check out our Code of Conduct.






















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