When was the festival of the See of Peter in the 6th Century?












5














I've been researching the decrees of the second Council of Tours (AD 567), specifically Canon XXII:





  1. Some still hold fast the old error, that they should honor the 1st of January. Others, on the festival of the See of Peter, present meat offerings to the dead, and partake of meats which have been offered to demons. Others reverence certain rocks, or trees, or fountains, etc. The priests should root out these heathenish superstitions. (1)




I understand the 1st of January to have been when Consuls entered office and citizens would renew vows, make offerings to chief deities such as Jupiter and Juno, and take auspice.



But when was the festival of the See of Peter in the 6th Century?



Does it correspond to the Feast of Saints Peter and Paul?



Personally, I'm not familiar with the calendrical history and the changes the calendar went through.





(1) A History Of The Councils Of The Church Volumes 1 to 5 by Charles Joseph Hefele D.D. Chapter I, The synods until the end of the sixth century.










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  • 1




    Please consult the Wikipedia and Catholic Encyclopedia articles on this topic.
    – Lucian
    Nov 26 at 17:38


















5














I've been researching the decrees of the second Council of Tours (AD 567), specifically Canon XXII:





  1. Some still hold fast the old error, that they should honor the 1st of January. Others, on the festival of the See of Peter, present meat offerings to the dead, and partake of meats which have been offered to demons. Others reverence certain rocks, or trees, or fountains, etc. The priests should root out these heathenish superstitions. (1)




I understand the 1st of January to have been when Consuls entered office and citizens would renew vows, make offerings to chief deities such as Jupiter and Juno, and take auspice.



But when was the festival of the See of Peter in the 6th Century?



Does it correspond to the Feast of Saints Peter and Paul?



Personally, I'm not familiar with the calendrical history and the changes the calendar went through.





(1) A History Of The Councils Of The Church Volumes 1 to 5 by Charles Joseph Hefele D.D. Chapter I, The synods until the end of the sixth century.










share|improve this question




















  • 1




    Please consult the Wikipedia and Catholic Encyclopedia articles on this topic.
    – Lucian
    Nov 26 at 17:38
















5












5








5







I've been researching the decrees of the second Council of Tours (AD 567), specifically Canon XXII:





  1. Some still hold fast the old error, that they should honor the 1st of January. Others, on the festival of the See of Peter, present meat offerings to the dead, and partake of meats which have been offered to demons. Others reverence certain rocks, or trees, or fountains, etc. The priests should root out these heathenish superstitions. (1)




I understand the 1st of January to have been when Consuls entered office and citizens would renew vows, make offerings to chief deities such as Jupiter and Juno, and take auspice.



But when was the festival of the See of Peter in the 6th Century?



Does it correspond to the Feast of Saints Peter and Paul?



Personally, I'm not familiar with the calendrical history and the changes the calendar went through.





(1) A History Of The Councils Of The Church Volumes 1 to 5 by Charles Joseph Hefele D.D. Chapter I, The synods until the end of the sixth century.










share|improve this question















I've been researching the decrees of the second Council of Tours (AD 567), specifically Canon XXII:





  1. Some still hold fast the old error, that they should honor the 1st of January. Others, on the festival of the See of Peter, present meat offerings to the dead, and partake of meats which have been offered to demons. Others reverence certain rocks, or trees, or fountains, etc. The priests should root out these heathenish superstitions. (1)




I understand the 1st of January to have been when Consuls entered office and citizens would renew vows, make offerings to chief deities such as Jupiter and Juno, and take auspice.



But when was the festival of the See of Peter in the 6th Century?



Does it correspond to the Feast of Saints Peter and Paul?



Personally, I'm not familiar with the calendrical history and the changes the calendar went through.





(1) A History Of The Councils Of The Church Volumes 1 to 5 by Charles Joseph Hefele D.D. Chapter I, The synods until the end of the sixth century.







christianity early-medieval religious-history






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edited Nov 23 at 17:17









Mark C. Wallace

23.3k972111




23.3k972111










asked Nov 23 at 11:44









Charlie Tizzard Ó Kevlahan

842620




842620








  • 1




    Please consult the Wikipedia and Catholic Encyclopedia articles on this topic.
    – Lucian
    Nov 26 at 17:38
















  • 1




    Please consult the Wikipedia and Catholic Encyclopedia articles on this topic.
    – Lucian
    Nov 26 at 17:38










1




1




Please consult the Wikipedia and Catholic Encyclopedia articles on this topic.
– Lucian
Nov 26 at 17:38






Please consult the Wikipedia and Catholic Encyclopedia articles on this topic.
– Lucian
Nov 26 at 17:38












2 Answers
2






active

oldest

votes


















7














In his History of the Councils of the Church, Volume 3, Charles Hefele records that:




... the Latin Emperor Valentinian III came with his wife Eudoxia (a daughter of Theodosius II.), and his mother Galla Placidia (aunt of Theodosius), to Rome, in order to pay his devotions there on the Festival of the holy Apostle Peter (at the Festival of the See of Peter, S. Peter’s Day, February 22, 450)





  • p266 (my emphasis)


As the Wikipedia page on St Peter notes,




In the Roman Rite, the feast of the Chair of Saint Peter is celebrated on 22 February




This is confirmed on the website of the Liturgy Office of The Catholic Church in England and Wales.



So it would appear that the date of the festival has remained unchanged on 22 February since at least the fifth century.






share|improve this answer





















  • I think there is confusion between the “see of Peter” (sedes Petri), meaning the city of Rome and (in a narrower sense) the papal court, and the “chair of Peter” (cathedra Petri), the physical chair built into the high altar in the Basilica of St Peter. The latter has only been in Rome since the 9th century, so the Council of Tours could not have referred to this.
    – fdb
    Nov 23 at 17:18










  • @fdb The 'chair' in the feast of the Chair of Saint Peter on February 22 refers to the See of Antioch. (the festival for the See of Peter at Rome was on 18 January). See also Catholic Culture.org
    – sempaiscuba
    Nov 23 at 17:26












  • So was the physical cathedra of Peter kept in Antioch before being removed to Rome?
    – fdb
    Nov 23 at 17:42










  • Is this date given in the Julian Calendar -- not matching today's feast day?
    – Aaron Brick
    Nov 23 at 17:58










  • @fdb My understanding is that there were 2 physical cathedrae venerated by the early church, I couldn't say whether either were ever in Antioch, and neither survive today. Apparently, the festival on 22 February was originally the most important of the two which, I suppose, is why Dr Hefele refers to that date for the Festival of the See of Peter.
    – sempaiscuba
    Nov 23 at 18:38





















2














When was the festival of the See of Peter in the 6th Century?



It would seem that the festival in question would be the Feast of the Chair of St. Peter. But the date of this feast was January 18 and not February 22, as noted in Sempaiscuba's answer.



In the modern liturgy of the Roman Rite, the Feast of the Chair of St. Peter is the 22nd of February. But prior to 1969, this feast was in fact on January the 18th. Wikipedia backs this up.




In the Roman Rite, the feast of the Chair of Saint Peter is celebrated on 22 February.



Before Pope John XXIII's revision in 1960, the Roman Calendar also included on 18 January another feast of the Chair of Saint Peter (denominated the Chair of Saint Peter in Rome, while the February feast was then called that of the Chair of Saint Peter at Antioch).




The Catholic Encyclopedia is still clearer:




From the earliest times the Church at Rome celebrated on 18 January the memory of the day when the Apostle held his first service with the faithful of the Eternal City. According to Duchesne and de Rossi, the "Martyrologium Hieronymianum" (Weissenburg manuscript) reads as follows: "XV KL. FEBO. Dedicatio cathedræ sci petri apostoli qua primo Rome petrus apostolus sedit" (fifteenth day before the calends of February, the dedication of the Chair of St. Peter the Apostle in which Peter the Apostle first sat at Rome). The Epternach manuscript (Codex Epternacensis) of the same work, says briefly: "cath. petri in roma" (the Chair of Peter in Rome).



In its present (ninth-century) form the "Martyrologium Hieronymianum" gives a second feast of the Chair of St. Peter for 22 February, but all the manuscripts assign it to Antioch, not to Rome. Thus the oldest manuscript, that of Berne, says: "VIII kal. mar. cathedræ sci petri apostoli qua sedit apud antiochiam". The Weissenburg manuscript says: "Natl [natale] sci petri apostoli cathedræ qua sedit apud antiocia." However, the words qua sedit apud antiochiam are seen at once to be a later addition. Both feasts are Roman; indeed, that of 22 February was originally the more important. This is clear from the Calendar of Philocalus drawn up in the year 354, and going back to the year 311; it makes no mention of the January feast but speaks thus of 22 February: "VIII Kl. Martias: natale Petri de cathedra" (eighth day before the Calends of March, the birthday [i.e. feast] of the Chair of Peter). It was not until after the insertion of Antioch in the copies of the "Martyrologium Hieronymianum" that the feast of February gave way in importance to that of January. The Roman Church, therefore, at an early date celebrated a first and a second assumption of the episcopal office in Rome by St. Peter. - Chair of Peter




The Church of St. Peter of Antakya (Antioch) is locally believed to be the Church founded by the apostle St. Peter. This is the first see founded by this Prince of Apostles. With the reform of the liturgical calendar, the feast of the Chair of St. Peter at Rome is celebrated on February 22. The feast of the Chair of St. Peter at Antioch was suppressed. Notwithstanding this fact, the local church at Antioch nowadays celebrates its' own particular Feast of the Chair of St. Peter, on February 21st.



If the second feast (February 22) only took on importance in the ninth century, then the Festival of the See of Peter in the 6th Century would have been on January 18 and not as Charles Hefele holds in his History of the Councils of the Church, Volume 3.



Facade of the Church of St Peter, originally built ca. 1100 by Crusaders and rebuilt in the 19th century



Facade of the Church of St Peter, originally built ca. 1100 by Crusaders and rebuilt in the 19th century






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    2 Answers
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    In his History of the Councils of the Church, Volume 3, Charles Hefele records that:




    ... the Latin Emperor Valentinian III came with his wife Eudoxia (a daughter of Theodosius II.), and his mother Galla Placidia (aunt of Theodosius), to Rome, in order to pay his devotions there on the Festival of the holy Apostle Peter (at the Festival of the See of Peter, S. Peter’s Day, February 22, 450)





    • p266 (my emphasis)


    As the Wikipedia page on St Peter notes,




    In the Roman Rite, the feast of the Chair of Saint Peter is celebrated on 22 February




    This is confirmed on the website of the Liturgy Office of The Catholic Church in England and Wales.



    So it would appear that the date of the festival has remained unchanged on 22 February since at least the fifth century.






    share|improve this answer





















    • I think there is confusion between the “see of Peter” (sedes Petri), meaning the city of Rome and (in a narrower sense) the papal court, and the “chair of Peter” (cathedra Petri), the physical chair built into the high altar in the Basilica of St Peter. The latter has only been in Rome since the 9th century, so the Council of Tours could not have referred to this.
      – fdb
      Nov 23 at 17:18










    • @fdb The 'chair' in the feast of the Chair of Saint Peter on February 22 refers to the See of Antioch. (the festival for the See of Peter at Rome was on 18 January). See also Catholic Culture.org
      – sempaiscuba
      Nov 23 at 17:26












    • So was the physical cathedra of Peter kept in Antioch before being removed to Rome?
      – fdb
      Nov 23 at 17:42










    • Is this date given in the Julian Calendar -- not matching today's feast day?
      – Aaron Brick
      Nov 23 at 17:58










    • @fdb My understanding is that there were 2 physical cathedrae venerated by the early church, I couldn't say whether either were ever in Antioch, and neither survive today. Apparently, the festival on 22 February was originally the most important of the two which, I suppose, is why Dr Hefele refers to that date for the Festival of the See of Peter.
      – sempaiscuba
      Nov 23 at 18:38


















    7














    In his History of the Councils of the Church, Volume 3, Charles Hefele records that:




    ... the Latin Emperor Valentinian III came with his wife Eudoxia (a daughter of Theodosius II.), and his mother Galla Placidia (aunt of Theodosius), to Rome, in order to pay his devotions there on the Festival of the holy Apostle Peter (at the Festival of the See of Peter, S. Peter’s Day, February 22, 450)





    • p266 (my emphasis)


    As the Wikipedia page on St Peter notes,




    In the Roman Rite, the feast of the Chair of Saint Peter is celebrated on 22 February




    This is confirmed on the website of the Liturgy Office of The Catholic Church in England and Wales.



    So it would appear that the date of the festival has remained unchanged on 22 February since at least the fifth century.






    share|improve this answer





















    • I think there is confusion between the “see of Peter” (sedes Petri), meaning the city of Rome and (in a narrower sense) the papal court, and the “chair of Peter” (cathedra Petri), the physical chair built into the high altar in the Basilica of St Peter. The latter has only been in Rome since the 9th century, so the Council of Tours could not have referred to this.
      – fdb
      Nov 23 at 17:18










    • @fdb The 'chair' in the feast of the Chair of Saint Peter on February 22 refers to the See of Antioch. (the festival for the See of Peter at Rome was on 18 January). See also Catholic Culture.org
      – sempaiscuba
      Nov 23 at 17:26












    • So was the physical cathedra of Peter kept in Antioch before being removed to Rome?
      – fdb
      Nov 23 at 17:42










    • Is this date given in the Julian Calendar -- not matching today's feast day?
      – Aaron Brick
      Nov 23 at 17:58










    • @fdb My understanding is that there were 2 physical cathedrae venerated by the early church, I couldn't say whether either were ever in Antioch, and neither survive today. Apparently, the festival on 22 February was originally the most important of the two which, I suppose, is why Dr Hefele refers to that date for the Festival of the See of Peter.
      – sempaiscuba
      Nov 23 at 18:38
















    7












    7








    7






    In his History of the Councils of the Church, Volume 3, Charles Hefele records that:




    ... the Latin Emperor Valentinian III came with his wife Eudoxia (a daughter of Theodosius II.), and his mother Galla Placidia (aunt of Theodosius), to Rome, in order to pay his devotions there on the Festival of the holy Apostle Peter (at the Festival of the See of Peter, S. Peter’s Day, February 22, 450)





    • p266 (my emphasis)


    As the Wikipedia page on St Peter notes,




    In the Roman Rite, the feast of the Chair of Saint Peter is celebrated on 22 February




    This is confirmed on the website of the Liturgy Office of The Catholic Church in England and Wales.



    So it would appear that the date of the festival has remained unchanged on 22 February since at least the fifth century.






    share|improve this answer












    In his History of the Councils of the Church, Volume 3, Charles Hefele records that:




    ... the Latin Emperor Valentinian III came with his wife Eudoxia (a daughter of Theodosius II.), and his mother Galla Placidia (aunt of Theodosius), to Rome, in order to pay his devotions there on the Festival of the holy Apostle Peter (at the Festival of the See of Peter, S. Peter’s Day, February 22, 450)





    • p266 (my emphasis)


    As the Wikipedia page on St Peter notes,




    In the Roman Rite, the feast of the Chair of Saint Peter is celebrated on 22 February




    This is confirmed on the website of the Liturgy Office of The Catholic Church in England and Wales.



    So it would appear that the date of the festival has remained unchanged on 22 February since at least the fifth century.







    share|improve this answer












    share|improve this answer



    share|improve this answer










    answered Nov 23 at 11:56









    sempaiscuba

    46.5k6159206




    46.5k6159206












    • I think there is confusion between the “see of Peter” (sedes Petri), meaning the city of Rome and (in a narrower sense) the papal court, and the “chair of Peter” (cathedra Petri), the physical chair built into the high altar in the Basilica of St Peter. The latter has only been in Rome since the 9th century, so the Council of Tours could not have referred to this.
      – fdb
      Nov 23 at 17:18










    • @fdb The 'chair' in the feast of the Chair of Saint Peter on February 22 refers to the See of Antioch. (the festival for the See of Peter at Rome was on 18 January). See also Catholic Culture.org
      – sempaiscuba
      Nov 23 at 17:26












    • So was the physical cathedra of Peter kept in Antioch before being removed to Rome?
      – fdb
      Nov 23 at 17:42










    • Is this date given in the Julian Calendar -- not matching today's feast day?
      – Aaron Brick
      Nov 23 at 17:58










    • @fdb My understanding is that there were 2 physical cathedrae venerated by the early church, I couldn't say whether either were ever in Antioch, and neither survive today. Apparently, the festival on 22 February was originally the most important of the two which, I suppose, is why Dr Hefele refers to that date for the Festival of the See of Peter.
      – sempaiscuba
      Nov 23 at 18:38




















    • I think there is confusion between the “see of Peter” (sedes Petri), meaning the city of Rome and (in a narrower sense) the papal court, and the “chair of Peter” (cathedra Petri), the physical chair built into the high altar in the Basilica of St Peter. The latter has only been in Rome since the 9th century, so the Council of Tours could not have referred to this.
      – fdb
      Nov 23 at 17:18










    • @fdb The 'chair' in the feast of the Chair of Saint Peter on February 22 refers to the See of Antioch. (the festival for the See of Peter at Rome was on 18 January). See also Catholic Culture.org
      – sempaiscuba
      Nov 23 at 17:26












    • So was the physical cathedra of Peter kept in Antioch before being removed to Rome?
      – fdb
      Nov 23 at 17:42










    • Is this date given in the Julian Calendar -- not matching today's feast day?
      – Aaron Brick
      Nov 23 at 17:58










    • @fdb My understanding is that there were 2 physical cathedrae venerated by the early church, I couldn't say whether either were ever in Antioch, and neither survive today. Apparently, the festival on 22 February was originally the most important of the two which, I suppose, is why Dr Hefele refers to that date for the Festival of the See of Peter.
      – sempaiscuba
      Nov 23 at 18:38


















    I think there is confusion between the “see of Peter” (sedes Petri), meaning the city of Rome and (in a narrower sense) the papal court, and the “chair of Peter” (cathedra Petri), the physical chair built into the high altar in the Basilica of St Peter. The latter has only been in Rome since the 9th century, so the Council of Tours could not have referred to this.
    – fdb
    Nov 23 at 17:18




    I think there is confusion between the “see of Peter” (sedes Petri), meaning the city of Rome and (in a narrower sense) the papal court, and the “chair of Peter” (cathedra Petri), the physical chair built into the high altar in the Basilica of St Peter. The latter has only been in Rome since the 9th century, so the Council of Tours could not have referred to this.
    – fdb
    Nov 23 at 17:18












    @fdb The 'chair' in the feast of the Chair of Saint Peter on February 22 refers to the See of Antioch. (the festival for the See of Peter at Rome was on 18 January). See also Catholic Culture.org
    – sempaiscuba
    Nov 23 at 17:26






    @fdb The 'chair' in the feast of the Chair of Saint Peter on February 22 refers to the See of Antioch. (the festival for the See of Peter at Rome was on 18 January). See also Catholic Culture.org
    – sempaiscuba
    Nov 23 at 17:26














    So was the physical cathedra of Peter kept in Antioch before being removed to Rome?
    – fdb
    Nov 23 at 17:42




    So was the physical cathedra of Peter kept in Antioch before being removed to Rome?
    – fdb
    Nov 23 at 17:42












    Is this date given in the Julian Calendar -- not matching today's feast day?
    – Aaron Brick
    Nov 23 at 17:58




    Is this date given in the Julian Calendar -- not matching today's feast day?
    – Aaron Brick
    Nov 23 at 17:58












    @fdb My understanding is that there were 2 physical cathedrae venerated by the early church, I couldn't say whether either were ever in Antioch, and neither survive today. Apparently, the festival on 22 February was originally the most important of the two which, I suppose, is why Dr Hefele refers to that date for the Festival of the See of Peter.
    – sempaiscuba
    Nov 23 at 18:38






    @fdb My understanding is that there were 2 physical cathedrae venerated by the early church, I couldn't say whether either were ever in Antioch, and neither survive today. Apparently, the festival on 22 February was originally the most important of the two which, I suppose, is why Dr Hefele refers to that date for the Festival of the See of Peter.
    – sempaiscuba
    Nov 23 at 18:38













    2














    When was the festival of the See of Peter in the 6th Century?



    It would seem that the festival in question would be the Feast of the Chair of St. Peter. But the date of this feast was January 18 and not February 22, as noted in Sempaiscuba's answer.



    In the modern liturgy of the Roman Rite, the Feast of the Chair of St. Peter is the 22nd of February. But prior to 1969, this feast was in fact on January the 18th. Wikipedia backs this up.




    In the Roman Rite, the feast of the Chair of Saint Peter is celebrated on 22 February.



    Before Pope John XXIII's revision in 1960, the Roman Calendar also included on 18 January another feast of the Chair of Saint Peter (denominated the Chair of Saint Peter in Rome, while the February feast was then called that of the Chair of Saint Peter at Antioch).




    The Catholic Encyclopedia is still clearer:




    From the earliest times the Church at Rome celebrated on 18 January the memory of the day when the Apostle held his first service with the faithful of the Eternal City. According to Duchesne and de Rossi, the "Martyrologium Hieronymianum" (Weissenburg manuscript) reads as follows: "XV KL. FEBO. Dedicatio cathedræ sci petri apostoli qua primo Rome petrus apostolus sedit" (fifteenth day before the calends of February, the dedication of the Chair of St. Peter the Apostle in which Peter the Apostle first sat at Rome). The Epternach manuscript (Codex Epternacensis) of the same work, says briefly: "cath. petri in roma" (the Chair of Peter in Rome).



    In its present (ninth-century) form the "Martyrologium Hieronymianum" gives a second feast of the Chair of St. Peter for 22 February, but all the manuscripts assign it to Antioch, not to Rome. Thus the oldest manuscript, that of Berne, says: "VIII kal. mar. cathedræ sci petri apostoli qua sedit apud antiochiam". The Weissenburg manuscript says: "Natl [natale] sci petri apostoli cathedræ qua sedit apud antiocia." However, the words qua sedit apud antiochiam are seen at once to be a later addition. Both feasts are Roman; indeed, that of 22 February was originally the more important. This is clear from the Calendar of Philocalus drawn up in the year 354, and going back to the year 311; it makes no mention of the January feast but speaks thus of 22 February: "VIII Kl. Martias: natale Petri de cathedra" (eighth day before the Calends of March, the birthday [i.e. feast] of the Chair of Peter). It was not until after the insertion of Antioch in the copies of the "Martyrologium Hieronymianum" that the feast of February gave way in importance to that of January. The Roman Church, therefore, at an early date celebrated a first and a second assumption of the episcopal office in Rome by St. Peter. - Chair of Peter




    The Church of St. Peter of Antakya (Antioch) is locally believed to be the Church founded by the apostle St. Peter. This is the first see founded by this Prince of Apostles. With the reform of the liturgical calendar, the feast of the Chair of St. Peter at Rome is celebrated on February 22. The feast of the Chair of St. Peter at Antioch was suppressed. Notwithstanding this fact, the local church at Antioch nowadays celebrates its' own particular Feast of the Chair of St. Peter, on February 21st.



    If the second feast (February 22) only took on importance in the ninth century, then the Festival of the See of Peter in the 6th Century would have been on January 18 and not as Charles Hefele holds in his History of the Councils of the Church, Volume 3.



    Facade of the Church of St Peter, originally built ca. 1100 by Crusaders and rebuilt in the 19th century



    Facade of the Church of St Peter, originally built ca. 1100 by Crusaders and rebuilt in the 19th century






    share|improve this answer




























      2














      When was the festival of the See of Peter in the 6th Century?



      It would seem that the festival in question would be the Feast of the Chair of St. Peter. But the date of this feast was January 18 and not February 22, as noted in Sempaiscuba's answer.



      In the modern liturgy of the Roman Rite, the Feast of the Chair of St. Peter is the 22nd of February. But prior to 1969, this feast was in fact on January the 18th. Wikipedia backs this up.




      In the Roman Rite, the feast of the Chair of Saint Peter is celebrated on 22 February.



      Before Pope John XXIII's revision in 1960, the Roman Calendar also included on 18 January another feast of the Chair of Saint Peter (denominated the Chair of Saint Peter in Rome, while the February feast was then called that of the Chair of Saint Peter at Antioch).




      The Catholic Encyclopedia is still clearer:




      From the earliest times the Church at Rome celebrated on 18 January the memory of the day when the Apostle held his first service with the faithful of the Eternal City. According to Duchesne and de Rossi, the "Martyrologium Hieronymianum" (Weissenburg manuscript) reads as follows: "XV KL. FEBO. Dedicatio cathedræ sci petri apostoli qua primo Rome petrus apostolus sedit" (fifteenth day before the calends of February, the dedication of the Chair of St. Peter the Apostle in which Peter the Apostle first sat at Rome). The Epternach manuscript (Codex Epternacensis) of the same work, says briefly: "cath. petri in roma" (the Chair of Peter in Rome).



      In its present (ninth-century) form the "Martyrologium Hieronymianum" gives a second feast of the Chair of St. Peter for 22 February, but all the manuscripts assign it to Antioch, not to Rome. Thus the oldest manuscript, that of Berne, says: "VIII kal. mar. cathedræ sci petri apostoli qua sedit apud antiochiam". The Weissenburg manuscript says: "Natl [natale] sci petri apostoli cathedræ qua sedit apud antiocia." However, the words qua sedit apud antiochiam are seen at once to be a later addition. Both feasts are Roman; indeed, that of 22 February was originally the more important. This is clear from the Calendar of Philocalus drawn up in the year 354, and going back to the year 311; it makes no mention of the January feast but speaks thus of 22 February: "VIII Kl. Martias: natale Petri de cathedra" (eighth day before the Calends of March, the birthday [i.e. feast] of the Chair of Peter). It was not until after the insertion of Antioch in the copies of the "Martyrologium Hieronymianum" that the feast of February gave way in importance to that of January. The Roman Church, therefore, at an early date celebrated a first and a second assumption of the episcopal office in Rome by St. Peter. - Chair of Peter




      The Church of St. Peter of Antakya (Antioch) is locally believed to be the Church founded by the apostle St. Peter. This is the first see founded by this Prince of Apostles. With the reform of the liturgical calendar, the feast of the Chair of St. Peter at Rome is celebrated on February 22. The feast of the Chair of St. Peter at Antioch was suppressed. Notwithstanding this fact, the local church at Antioch nowadays celebrates its' own particular Feast of the Chair of St. Peter, on February 21st.



      If the second feast (February 22) only took on importance in the ninth century, then the Festival of the See of Peter in the 6th Century would have been on January 18 and not as Charles Hefele holds in his History of the Councils of the Church, Volume 3.



      Facade of the Church of St Peter, originally built ca. 1100 by Crusaders and rebuilt in the 19th century



      Facade of the Church of St Peter, originally built ca. 1100 by Crusaders and rebuilt in the 19th century






      share|improve this answer


























        2












        2








        2






        When was the festival of the See of Peter in the 6th Century?



        It would seem that the festival in question would be the Feast of the Chair of St. Peter. But the date of this feast was January 18 and not February 22, as noted in Sempaiscuba's answer.



        In the modern liturgy of the Roman Rite, the Feast of the Chair of St. Peter is the 22nd of February. But prior to 1969, this feast was in fact on January the 18th. Wikipedia backs this up.




        In the Roman Rite, the feast of the Chair of Saint Peter is celebrated on 22 February.



        Before Pope John XXIII's revision in 1960, the Roman Calendar also included on 18 January another feast of the Chair of Saint Peter (denominated the Chair of Saint Peter in Rome, while the February feast was then called that of the Chair of Saint Peter at Antioch).




        The Catholic Encyclopedia is still clearer:




        From the earliest times the Church at Rome celebrated on 18 January the memory of the day when the Apostle held his first service with the faithful of the Eternal City. According to Duchesne and de Rossi, the "Martyrologium Hieronymianum" (Weissenburg manuscript) reads as follows: "XV KL. FEBO. Dedicatio cathedræ sci petri apostoli qua primo Rome petrus apostolus sedit" (fifteenth day before the calends of February, the dedication of the Chair of St. Peter the Apostle in which Peter the Apostle first sat at Rome). The Epternach manuscript (Codex Epternacensis) of the same work, says briefly: "cath. petri in roma" (the Chair of Peter in Rome).



        In its present (ninth-century) form the "Martyrologium Hieronymianum" gives a second feast of the Chair of St. Peter for 22 February, but all the manuscripts assign it to Antioch, not to Rome. Thus the oldest manuscript, that of Berne, says: "VIII kal. mar. cathedræ sci petri apostoli qua sedit apud antiochiam". The Weissenburg manuscript says: "Natl [natale] sci petri apostoli cathedræ qua sedit apud antiocia." However, the words qua sedit apud antiochiam are seen at once to be a later addition. Both feasts are Roman; indeed, that of 22 February was originally the more important. This is clear from the Calendar of Philocalus drawn up in the year 354, and going back to the year 311; it makes no mention of the January feast but speaks thus of 22 February: "VIII Kl. Martias: natale Petri de cathedra" (eighth day before the Calends of March, the birthday [i.e. feast] of the Chair of Peter). It was not until after the insertion of Antioch in the copies of the "Martyrologium Hieronymianum" that the feast of February gave way in importance to that of January. The Roman Church, therefore, at an early date celebrated a first and a second assumption of the episcopal office in Rome by St. Peter. - Chair of Peter




        The Church of St. Peter of Antakya (Antioch) is locally believed to be the Church founded by the apostle St. Peter. This is the first see founded by this Prince of Apostles. With the reform of the liturgical calendar, the feast of the Chair of St. Peter at Rome is celebrated on February 22. The feast of the Chair of St. Peter at Antioch was suppressed. Notwithstanding this fact, the local church at Antioch nowadays celebrates its' own particular Feast of the Chair of St. Peter, on February 21st.



        If the second feast (February 22) only took on importance in the ninth century, then the Festival of the See of Peter in the 6th Century would have been on January 18 and not as Charles Hefele holds in his History of the Councils of the Church, Volume 3.



        Facade of the Church of St Peter, originally built ca. 1100 by Crusaders and rebuilt in the 19th century



        Facade of the Church of St Peter, originally built ca. 1100 by Crusaders and rebuilt in the 19th century






        share|improve this answer














        When was the festival of the See of Peter in the 6th Century?



        It would seem that the festival in question would be the Feast of the Chair of St. Peter. But the date of this feast was January 18 and not February 22, as noted in Sempaiscuba's answer.



        In the modern liturgy of the Roman Rite, the Feast of the Chair of St. Peter is the 22nd of February. But prior to 1969, this feast was in fact on January the 18th. Wikipedia backs this up.




        In the Roman Rite, the feast of the Chair of Saint Peter is celebrated on 22 February.



        Before Pope John XXIII's revision in 1960, the Roman Calendar also included on 18 January another feast of the Chair of Saint Peter (denominated the Chair of Saint Peter in Rome, while the February feast was then called that of the Chair of Saint Peter at Antioch).




        The Catholic Encyclopedia is still clearer:




        From the earliest times the Church at Rome celebrated on 18 January the memory of the day when the Apostle held his first service with the faithful of the Eternal City. According to Duchesne and de Rossi, the "Martyrologium Hieronymianum" (Weissenburg manuscript) reads as follows: "XV KL. FEBO. Dedicatio cathedræ sci petri apostoli qua primo Rome petrus apostolus sedit" (fifteenth day before the calends of February, the dedication of the Chair of St. Peter the Apostle in which Peter the Apostle first sat at Rome). The Epternach manuscript (Codex Epternacensis) of the same work, says briefly: "cath. petri in roma" (the Chair of Peter in Rome).



        In its present (ninth-century) form the "Martyrologium Hieronymianum" gives a second feast of the Chair of St. Peter for 22 February, but all the manuscripts assign it to Antioch, not to Rome. Thus the oldest manuscript, that of Berne, says: "VIII kal. mar. cathedræ sci petri apostoli qua sedit apud antiochiam". The Weissenburg manuscript says: "Natl [natale] sci petri apostoli cathedræ qua sedit apud antiocia." However, the words qua sedit apud antiochiam are seen at once to be a later addition. Both feasts are Roman; indeed, that of 22 February was originally the more important. This is clear from the Calendar of Philocalus drawn up in the year 354, and going back to the year 311; it makes no mention of the January feast but speaks thus of 22 February: "VIII Kl. Martias: natale Petri de cathedra" (eighth day before the Calends of March, the birthday [i.e. feast] of the Chair of Peter). It was not until after the insertion of Antioch in the copies of the "Martyrologium Hieronymianum" that the feast of February gave way in importance to that of January. The Roman Church, therefore, at an early date celebrated a first and a second assumption of the episcopal office in Rome by St. Peter. - Chair of Peter




        The Church of St. Peter of Antakya (Antioch) is locally believed to be the Church founded by the apostle St. Peter. This is the first see founded by this Prince of Apostles. With the reform of the liturgical calendar, the feast of the Chair of St. Peter at Rome is celebrated on February 22. The feast of the Chair of St. Peter at Antioch was suppressed. Notwithstanding this fact, the local church at Antioch nowadays celebrates its' own particular Feast of the Chair of St. Peter, on February 21st.



        If the second feast (February 22) only took on importance in the ninth century, then the Festival of the See of Peter in the 6th Century would have been on January 18 and not as Charles Hefele holds in his History of the Councils of the Church, Volume 3.



        Facade of the Church of St Peter, originally built ca. 1100 by Crusaders and rebuilt in the 19th century



        Facade of the Church of St Peter, originally built ca. 1100 by Crusaders and rebuilt in the 19th century







        share|improve this answer














        share|improve this answer



        share|improve this answer








        edited Dec 2 at 16:12

























        answered Dec 2 at 1:01









        Ken Graham

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